2015—2017年北京市房山区儿童流感病例病原学分析
Pathogenic analysis on children cases of influenza among inpatients and outpatients in Fangshan district of Beijing, 2015-2017
目的 分析北京市房山区2015—2017年门诊和住院患儿流行性感冒(简称"流感")病原学流行特征.方法 收集2015—2017年北京市房山区流感监测哨点医院门诊儿童(0~14岁)流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)和住院严重急性呼吸道感染(sever acute respiratory infection,SARI)病例咽拭子标本,合计2816份,采用实时荧光方法进行流感病毒的核酸检测,并对门诊和住院患儿流感病原学监测资料进行分析.结果 2015—2017年,门诊患儿和住院患儿流感病毒检测阳性224例,阳性率为7.95%(224/2816),其中,乙型Victoria系流感病毒阳性率最高(33.93%,76/224),其次为甲型H1N1流感病毒(26.34%,59/224),其他为甲型H3N2、乙型Yamagata系流感病毒,但每年优势病原不同.门诊ILI患儿检测阳性率为9.90%(125/1263),住院SARI患儿检测阳性率为6.37%(99/1553),其差异有统计学意义(x2=11.80,P=0.001).门诊患儿中7~14岁组流感病毒检测阳性率最高(18.14%,39/215);住院患儿中4~6岁组流感病毒检测阳性率最高(8.91%,36/404).结论 北京市房山区不同流感流行季,优势毒株不同,门诊患儿检测阳性率略高于住院患儿,4岁以上儿童易感染.
更多Objective To analyze the pathogenic characteristics of child cases of influenza among inpatients and outpatients in Fangshan district of Beijing during 2015-2017. Methods A total of 2816 throat swab samples of child influenza-like illness (ILI) (0-14 years old) and from sever acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases in sentinel hospitals in Fangshan from 2015 to 2017 were collected. Real time RT-PCR was used to detect nucleic acids of influenza virus. The pathogenic characteristics of child cases of influenza among inpatients and outpatients were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results From 2015 to 2017, 224 cases were tested positive with the positive rate of 7.95% (224/2816), of which the positive rate of influenza B/Victoria (33.93%, 76/224) were the highest, followed by influenza A (H1N1) (26.34%, 59/224) and other influenza viruses, e.g. influenza A (H3N2) and influenza B/Yamagata. Dominant strain was different in flu season of each year. The positive detection rate of influenza in ILI cases of outpatients (9.90%, 125/1263) was higher than than that in SARI cases of inpatients (6.37%, 99/1553). The difference was statistically significant (x2=11.80, P=0.001). The positive rate of influenza in ILI cases of outpatients was the highest among children of 7-14 years old (18.14%, 39/215) while the rate in SARI cases was the highest among children of 4-6 years old (8.91%, 36/404). Conclusions Dominant strain was different in the flu season of each year in Fangshan district, Beijing. The positive rate of influenza in ILI was slightly higher than that in SARI cases. Children over 4 years old were vulnerable to influenza.
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