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小类泛素修饰因子特异性蛋白酶（SENPs）调控的小类泛素化修饰在放射敏感性的调节过程中具有重要作用，抑制SENPs会导致肿瘤细胞的放射敏感性升高。据报道，SENPs通过参与DNA损伤修复、改变细胞周期分布和调控信号通路等机制调控肿瘤细胞的放射敏感性。目前，以SENP1为主的SENPs抑制剂主要分为短发卡RNA类、肽类和拟肽类、合成小分子类、虚拟筛选类和天然产物来源类。SENPs抑制剂或可作为新型的放射增敏药物，有待进一步开发和优化。笔者总结了SENPs调控肿瘤放射敏感性的机制及其抑制剂的研究进展，旨在为后续开发SENPs抑制剂作为放射增敏药物奠定理论基础。

The small ubiquitin-like modifications regulated by small-like modifier specific protease (SENPs) plays an important role in the regulation of radiosensitivity, and inhibition of SENPs will increase the radiosensitivity of tumor cells. According to reports, SENPs regulates the radiosensitivity of tumor cells by participating in DNA damage repair, altering cell cycle distribution and regulating signal pathways. At present, SENP1-based SENPs inhibitors are mainly divided into several types including small hairpin RNA, peptides and peptidomimetics, synthetic small molecules, compounds derived from virtual screening and natural products. SENPs inhibitors can be used as new types of radiosensitizers, which need to be further optimized and developed. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms of SENPs regulating radiosensitivity and the research progress of its inhibitors to lay a theoretical foundation for the subsequent development of SENPs inhibitors as radiosensitizers.