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目的 探讨血栓性微血管病(TMA)患者肾动脉阻力指数(RRI)与肾功能的相关性,为患者急性肾损伤(AKI)可预见性的诊断、处理提供依据.方法 选取北京协和医院急诊科2014年8月至2015年3月收治的46例TMA患者为研究对象,于入院当日测量患者右肾小叶间动脉的RRI并记录血清肌酐(SCR)及肾小球滤过率(GFR)数值,按照2012年“改善全球肾脏病预后组织”(KDIGO)指南中A KI的诊断标准将患者分为AKI组和非AKI组,比较组间差异,分析RRI对AKI的诊断意义及RRI与SCR、GFR的相关性.所有患者在肾损伤最重时再次测量RRI(RRI*),记录此时的SCR(SCRmax)与GFR(GFRmin),计算△RRI(RRI*-RRI)、△SCR(SCRmax-SCR)、△GFR(GFR-GFRmin),并将治疗期间达到A KI诊断标准的36患者进一步分为KDIGO-1期、KDIGO-2期及KDIGO-3期3个组,比较RRI*组间差异,分析△RRI与△SCR、△GFR的相关性.结果 入院时以RRI ＞0.7来诊断AKI,敏感度为92.3％,特异度为80.1％.患者入院及肾损伤最严重时的RRI与同时期的SCR显著正相关(r1=0.709,P＜0.01;r2=0.675,P＜0.01),与GFR显著负相关(r1=-0.728,P＜0.01;r2=-0.709,P＜0.01).3组AKI患者RRI*差异有统计学意义(F=37.979,P=0.001),但△RRI比较差异无统计学意义(F=0.634,P=0.537);Spearman相关分析结果表明3组A KI患者的△RRI与ASCR、△GFR之间无相关性(均P＞0.05).结论 监测TMA患者的RRI有助于A KI的诊断并能评价肾损伤程度,但不能准确反映肾损伤的变化趋势.

Objective To explore the correlations between renal artery resistance index (RRI) and renal function in patients with thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) so as to provide the clinical basis for predictable diagnosis and treatment in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods Patients diagnosed with thrombotic microangiopathy admitted to department of emergency of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between August 1st,2014 and March 31th,2015 were enrolled.Intrarenal arteries resistive index of right kidney was detected in all cases on admission by color Doppler flow image.The serum creatinine (SCR) and glomerular fihration rate (GFR) were measured at the same time.According to the diagnostic criteria of the guideline of "Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes 2012 (KDIGO-AKI 2012)",patients were divided into non-AKI group and AKI group.The intergroup difference was compared and the correlation between RRI and SCR as well as between RRI and GFR were assessed.RRI,SCR and GFR were measured again at the most severe stage of kidney injury.The above index were marked as RRI*,SCR and GFRmin.At the same time,△RRI (RRI*-RRI),△SCR (SCRmax-SCR) and △GFR (GFR-GFRmin) were calculated.According to the stage classification of KDIGO-AKI 2012,36 patients diagnosed with AKI during their hospitalization were divided into KDIGO-1 group (n =10),KDIGO-2 group (n =10) or KDIGO-3 group (n =16).The intergroup difference of RRI* was compared and the correlation between △RRI and △SCR as well as between △RRI and △GFR were assessed.Results When RRI ＞ 0.7 was used as the diagnostic threshold for AKI,the sensitivity was 92.3％ and the specificity was 80.1％.RRI was positively correlated with SCR (r1 =-0.728,P＜0.01;r2=-0.709,P＜0.01) and negatively correlated with GFR (r1 =-0.728,P＜0.01;r2 =-0.709,P ＜0.01) in all patients at the time of admission and the most severe stage of kidney injury.While there was a significant difference in the RRI* among KDIGO-1,KDIGO-2 and KDIGO-3 groups (F =37.979,P =0.Q01),and there was no significant difference in △RRI (F =0.634,P =0.537).The △RRI was not correlated with △GFR or △SCR.Conclusions RRI can be used as a marker for diagnosis of AKI and the evaluation of renal function in patients with TMA,but it is not helpful to reflect the trends of renal injury especially for the critically ill patients.