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目的 探讨射血分数保留心力衰竭患者在急性左心衰竭发作时临床特点及应用无创呼吸机治疗安全性及有效性.方法 顺序入选2016年10月至2017年10月于天津市胸科医院心脏中心诊断为失代偿期心力衰竭并住院期间发作急性心力衰竭需应用无创呼吸机治疗患者65例,分为HF-PEF组(n=19)及HF-REF组(n=46).观察两组患者临床资料以及应用无创呼吸机前后观察指标进行比较.结果 对比两组患者人院资料发现,HF-PEF组高血压患者比例(57.9％ vs21.7％,P=0.005),左室射血分数(％)(53.00±4.85 vs 33.07±7.24,P＜0.01)明显高于HF-REF组,左室舒张末内径(mm) HF-PEF组明显低于HF-REF组(50.00±5.23 vs 63.82±8.95,P＜0.01).两组患者发作急性左心衰竭时比较,HF-PEF组血乳酸水平(mmol/L)(4.20±1.06 vs 2.02±0.88,P＜0.038)及收缩压(mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)(151.32±43.40 vs 117.90-± 19.55,P＜0.040)均明显高于HF-REF组.应用无创呼吸机后两组患者观察指标差值发现,HF-PEF组收缩压(mmHg)(34.38±9.36 vs 16.94±5.19,P=0.038)、PaCO2(mmHg)(2.49±0.98 vs-0.06±0.00,P=0.025)、乳酸(mmol/L)(2.06±0.67 vs 0.04±0.01,P=0.001)下降程度明显优于HF-REF组,而NT-proBNP水平(ng/L)(13 064.90±1 963.83 vs 11 687.13±1 028.03,P=0.848)并未明显下降,且无创呼吸机应用时间(h)(152.74±10.61 vs 71.03±10.41,P=0.013)明显长于HF-REF组.结论 HF-PEF组病因中以高血压为主,HF-PEF患者发作急性左心衰竭时收缩压及血乳酸水平明显高于HF-REF组.无创呼吸机对于HF-PEF患者发作急性左心衰竭时治疗同样安全有效,但是HF-PEF患者急性左心衰临床缓解时间更长.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of patients with heart failure and the safety and efficacy of noninvasive ventilator in patients with heart failure.Methods Sequentially enrolled 65 patients who were diagnosed with decompensated heart failure in Tianjin Chest Hospital Heart Center from October 2016 to October 2017 and who had acute heart failure during hospitalization requiring noninvasive ventilator,were divided into the HF-PEF group (n=19) and HF-REF group (n=46).The clinical data of the two groups and the observation indexes before and after the application of the non-invasive ventilator were compared.Results Comparing the admission data of the two groups,the proportion of patients with hypertension (57.9％ vs 21.7％,P=0.005) and LVEF(％) (53.00±4.85 vs 33.07±7.24,P＜0.01)were significantly higher in the HF-PEF group than those in the HF-REF group;LVEDD (mm) in the HFPEF group was significantly lower than that in the HF-REF group (50.00±5.23 vs 63.82±8.95,P＜0.01).In the two groups of patients with acute left heart failure,blood lactate levels (mmol/L) in the HF-PEF group (4.20±1.06 vs 2.02±0.88,P＜0.05) and systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (151.32±43.40 vs 117.90± 19.55,P＜0.05) were significantly higher than those in the HF-REF group.After the application of non-invasive ventilator,systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (34.38±9.36 vs 16.94±5.19,P=0.038) and PaCO2 (mmHg)(2.49±0.98 vs-0.06±0.00,P=0.025),and lactic acid (mmol/L) (2.06±0.67 vs 0.04±0.01,P=0.001) were significantly lower in the HF-PEF group than those in the HF-REF group.While the NT-proBNP level (ng/L) (13 064.90±1 963.83 vs 11 687.13±1 028.03,P=0.848) did not decrease significantly,and the time of non-invasive ventilator application (h)was significantly longer than that in the HF-REF group (152.74±10.61 vs 71.03±10.41,P=0.013).Conclusions Hypertension is the main cause of HF-PEF group.The systolic blood pressure and blood lactate level in HF-PEF patients with acute left heart failure are significantly higher than HF-REF patients.Non-invasive ventilator is also safe and effective for the treatment of acute left heart failure in HF-PEF patients,but HF-PEF patients with acute left heart failure have a longer clinical remission time.