上海市金山区2型糖尿病患者足部护理行为现状及其影响因素的分析
An investigation of foot care behavior and multiple linear regression analysis of influential factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jinshan District of Shanghai
目的 了解上海市金山区2型糖尿病患者足部护理行为现状,分析其影响因素,为相关干预性研究提供参考依据.方法 采用便利抽样法,对上海市金山区110例住院糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,最终106例患者完成调查研究.调查内容包括患者一般资料、足部护理知识、足部护理行为.调查工具有一般资料问卷、糖尿病患者足部护理知识量表、中文版诺丁汉足部护理评估量表.进行单因素分析和多因素分析,并测量变量间的相关性.结果 患者足部护理行为得分与性别、糖化血红蛋白进行比较差异有统计学意义(t=-2.142,F=3.071,P<0.05).106例2型糖尿病患者足部护理行为得分为(45.31 ± 7.74)分,行为水平较低(得分≤45分)者为54例占50.9%,足部护理知识得分为(16.10 ± 4.18)分,处于中等水平.足部护理知识得分较差者,足部护理行为水平亦较低(t=-5.591,P<0.01).足部护理知识、糖化血红蛋白水平、性别是足部护理行为的主要影响因素,回归模型决定系数R2=0.221,方差分析有统计学意义(F=9.664,P=0.000).足部护理知识、糖化血红蛋白水平与足部护理行为的Pearson相关分析呈正相关(r=0.377、0.207,P<0.05).结论 上海市金山区2型糖尿病患者足部护理行为及知识水平现状堪忧,加强患者特别是男性患者足部护理知识、行为的教育及管理尤为重要,且不应忽视对糖化血红蛋白水平控制良好患者的管理.
更多Objective To investigate the level of foot care behaviors of in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jinshan District of Shanghai, analyze the influential factors, and provide information for the intervention study. Methods With convenient sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted with a sample of 110 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from Jinshan District of Shanghai. The investigation contents included patients′ demographic data, foot care knowledge and behaviors. The investigation tools were the questionnaire of diabetes general information, the questionnaire of foot care knowledge, and the questionnaire of foot care behaviors. Survey tools included general information questionnaire, foot care knowledge scale for diabetic patients and Nottingham Foot Care Assessment Scale in Chinese version. Independent-samples t test and oneway ANOVA were used in univariate analyses, whereas multiple stepwise linear regression was used in multivariate analyses. And Pearson correlation analysis was used to measure correlation between variables. Results The scores of foot care behaviors were statistically significant in the group comparison of sex and glycosylated hemoglobin(t=-2.142, F=3.071, P<0.05). The patients′score of foot care behaviors was (45.31±7.74) scores.50.9 percent (54/106) patients′scores were less than 45.And the score of foot care knowledge was (16.10±4.18) scores, which was in the medium level. The foot care behaviors level was lower in the patients whose foot care knowledge was poorer (t=-5.591, P<0.01). Foot care knowledge, glycosylated hemoglobin level and gender were the main influencing factors on foot care behaviors of type 2 diabetic patients (R2=0.221, F=9.664, P=0.000). Pearson analysis demonstrated that there was a positive correlation between knowledge score, glycosylated hemoglobin level and behavior score (r=0.377, 0.207, P<0.05). Conclusions The status of foot care knowledge and behaviors of type 2 diabetic patients are not optimistic in Jinshan District of Shanghai. It′s very important to strengthen the education and management on diabetic patients′foot care knowledge and behaviors, especially in male patients. Meanwhile, the patients whose glycosylated hemoglobin are well controlled should not be ignored.
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