缩短止血带结扎时间对老年人静脉采血的影响
Study of ligation time of tourniquet in venous blood collecting among elderly people
目的:探讨在老年人真空负压大剂量静脉采血中,缩短止血带结扎时间对静脉采血的影响。方法选取在某院老干部门诊常规健康体检的老干部320名,按体检顺序随机分成观察组和对照组。观察组,进行有效穿刺后,松开止血带,正常采血;对照组,正常采血,中间过程不松开止血带。观察两组止血带结扎时间、全程采血时间、采集血液时间、血标本质量、研究对象的疼痛程度、穿刺点淤血情况和穿刺前臂肤色的异常改变。结果观察组的全程采血时间为(177.36±3.30) s,短于对照组的(180.24±3.76)s,差异有统计学意义(t=7.27,P<0.01);观察组的面部表情疼痛评分1,2,3,4级的比例分别为86.9%,12.5%,0.6%,0.0%,明显优于对照组的28.7%,53.8%,13.8%,3.7%,差异有统计学意义(Z=-10.576,P<0.01);观察组老年人的穿刺点淤血和穿刺前臂肤色的异常改变率分别为5.0%,1.3%,低于对照组的18.1%,80.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ2分别为13.477,208.461;P<0.01)。两组老年人的血标本质量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论缩短止血带结扎时间既可使技术操作安全、简单、高效,又保证了血标本质量,患者舒适满意,可在体检中心或临床推广应用。
更多Objective To reveal the clinical effect of shorten ligation time of tourniquet in venous blood collecting by vacuum negative pressure in elderly people .Methods Three hundred and twenty subjects , who made a full set of blood tests for health examination were randomly divided by examination order into observation and control groups .In the observation group , the tourniquet was loosened when seeing blood .Then blood was drawn.While in the control group , blood was drawn directly without loosening the tourniquet in the entire process of blood collecting .The ligation of tourniquet time , the time of blood sampling , quality of blood specimen, the degree of pain of all the subjects , the abnormalities of forearm skin and the puncture point congestion were compared between the two groups .Results The time of entire process of drawing blood in the observation group was (177.36 ±3.30)s significantly shorter than (180.24 ±3.76)s in the control group (t=7.27, P<0.01).The pain measured by Faces Rating scales was 86.9% for 1 point, 12.5% for 2 point, 0.6%for 3 point, 0.0%for 4 point in the observation group .And the pain was 28.7%for 1 point, 53.8%for 2 point, 13.8%for 3 point, 3.7%for 4 point in the control group.The difference was statistically significant (Z=-10.576, P<0.01).The extravasated blood and cyanosis of skin in observation group were 5.0% and 1.3%in the observation group, respectively, and 18.1%and 80.6%in the control group, respectively, which were significantly lower in the previous group (χ2 =13.477, 208.461; P<0.01).However, there was no significant difference in the quality of blood specimen (P>0.05).Conclusions The method of shorten ligation time of tourniquet in venous blood collecting among elderly people was safe , effective and comfortable , and it is worthy the promotion in clinical situations .
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