摘要目的:探讨儿童脾囊肿的诊治情况，提升临床治疗效果。方法:收集2014年1月至2021年1月上海儿童医学中心普外科收治的入院诊断为脾囊肿的14例患儿临床资料。其中，男10例，女4例，年龄为（8.7±3.1）岁，术前病程时间为（5.1±4.7）个月。术前腹痛8例，余6例无临床症状。术前均行B型超声和腹部增强CT检查，其中3例术前行腹部磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging，MRI）检查。按术中是否输血，将患儿分为输血组（5例）和未输血组（9例）。收集患儿的年龄、性别、临床症状、手术前病程时间、术前影像学检查结果、手术方式、手术时间、输血情况、并发症、术后引流管置管时间、病理诊断、术后住院天数、出院后影像学随访结果。结果:开放手术4例，腹腔镜手术10例，其中2例腹腔镜手术中转开放手术。本研究患儿手术时间为（125.4±52.9) min，输血组手术时间明显长于未输血组，（176.0±49.2 ）min比（97.2±29.1) min，差异具有统计学意义（ P=0.002）。术后病理诊断为假性囊肿4例，先天性囊肿10例，10例中表皮样囊肿1例，皮样囊肿9例，无并发症。术后引流管置管时间为（5.1±1.7) d，术后住院时间为（7.9±3.4) d。术后引流管置管时间、术后住院时间在输血组和非输血组之间的差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。术后1、3、6个月复查B型超声，随访时间为（20.8±10.3）个月，术后复发1例，病理诊断为皮样囊肿，再次行腹腔镜手术治疗，完整切除脾脏。 结论:对于脾囊肿行保脾手术存在一定的复发率，需密切随访，必要时再次手术切除脾脏。

abstractsObjective:To explore the diagnosis and treatment of splenic cyst in children and boost its clinical efficacy.Methods:From January 2014 to January 2021, clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 14 children of splenic cyst. There were 10 boys and 4 girls with an age range of (8.7±3.1) years and a preoperative disease course of (5.1±4.7) months. Preoperative abdominal pain was present (n=8) and absent (n=6). B-mode ultrasonography and abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) were performed along with abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, n=3). According to whether or not blood transfusion was performed, they were divided into transfusion group (n= 5) and non-transfusion group (n=9). Age, gender, clinical symptoms, preoperative disease course, preoperative imaging studies, surgical approaches, operative duration, blood transfusion, complications, postoperative catheterization time, pathological diagnosis, postoperative hospital stay and imaging follow-up outcomes after discharge were recorded.Results:There were open surgery (n=4) and laparoscopy (n= 10). And two of the latter were converted into open surgery. Operative duration was (125.4±52.9) min and operative duration was significantly longer in transfusion group than that in non-transfusion group[(176.0±49.2) vs. (97.2±29.1) min]and the difference had statistical significance ( P=0.002). Postoperative pathological diagnoses included pseudocyst (n=4) , congenital cyst (n=10) , epidermoid cyst (n=1) and dermoid cyst (n=9). No surgical complications occurred. The postoperative catheterization time was (5.1±1.7) days and the postoperative hospital stay (7.9±3.4) days. The inter-group differences in postoperative drainage catheterization time or postoperative hospital stay had no statistical significance ( P>0.05). B-mode ultrasound was reexamined at 1/3/6 months postoperatively and the follow-up period was (20.8±10.3) months. One child of dermoid cyst had postoperative recurrence and total resection of spleen was performed. Conclusions:Recurrence rate remains high for spleen-preserving surgery for splenic cysts. During close follow-ups, reoperation is required for splenic removal.