摘要目的 探讨山东省居民饮用水水氟的空间分布特征.方法 以山东省为研究现场,将县级水平的水氟数据库与电子地图相匹配,构建山东省居民饮用水水氟空间地理信息系统(GIS)数据平台,采用空间自相关分析,分别计算全局和局部Moran'sI指数,SaTScan软件探测山东省水氟的聚集区域.结果 山东省水氟正常(≤1.0 mg/L)的县(市、区)有54个,主要分布在鲁东的威海市和烟台市,鲁北的东营市以及鲁中和鲁东南广大地区;高水氟(＞ 1.0 mg/L)的县(市、区)有86个,主要分布在鲁西南、鲁西北和鲁中北部,呈现出明显的地域特征.全局空间自相关分析显示,山东省居民饮用水水氟含量的分布呈现明显的空间正自相关性,Moran'sI=0.44(Z=6.83,P＜0.01);局部空间自相关分析显示,山东省有13个县(市、区)水氟的局部空间自相关检验结果有统计学意义(P均＜ 0.05),均为高-高聚集模式.SaTScan软件空间分析探测出1个聚集区域,包括15个县(市、区),中心位于菏泽市的东明县,聚集半径为130.08 km,与局部空间自相关的结果基本吻合.结论 山东省水氟的分布存在明显的空间聚集性.综合应用空间自相关及SaTScan软件能够很好地阐述水氟的空间分布特征.

abstractsObjective To detect the spatial distribution characteristics of water fluoride in Shandong Province.Methods The county-based study set Shandong Province as a research site.The county level fluoride database was matched with electronic maps to build geographic information system (GIS) spatial data platform.Global Moran's I and Local Moran's I index were calculated,respectively,and the cluster range of water fluoride distribution in Shandong Province was studied through SaTScan software.Results The water fluoride was normal (≤ 1.0 mg/L) in 54 counties in Shandong Province,mainly located in Weihai and Yantai in the eastern,Dongying in northern,and vast region in middle and southeastern of Shandong Province.Eighty-six counties were high water fluoride counties (＞ 1.0 mg/L),mainly distributed in the southwest,northwest and north-central of Shandong Province,showing a significant geographical feature.Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the distribution of water fluoride content in Shandong Province showed significant positive spatial autocorrelation (Moran's I =0.44,Z =6.83,P ＜ 0.01).Local Moran's I analysis showed water fluoride in 13 counties had local spatial autocorrelation,being all high-high clusters.And these results were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).A cluster area was detected through SaTScan spatial analysis software,including 15 counties.The center was located in Dongming County of Heze City,with radius of 130.08 km.The results and the local spatial autocorrelation results were basically consistent.Conclusions There are apparent spatial autocorrelation and spatial cluster in water fluoridation in Shandong Province.Spatial autocorrelation and SaTScan software can be combined in exploring the spatial distribution of water fluoride.