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目的 探讨性别、年龄、BMI对离血压患者动脉僵硬度的影响.方法 从上海市宝山区6家社区卫生中心及上海市第三人民医院入选1026例单纯高血压患者,收集病史信息,检测其颈-股动脉脉搏波速度(C-F PWV).672例患者在随访一年后完成复测.从性别、年龄、BMI的不同水平进行分组比较及随访前后对照分析.结果 (1)男性组C-F PWV高于女性组,分别为(13.63 ±3.07)m/s和(12.59±2.85)m/s(P ＜0.01).一年后两组C-F PWV均增快,男性为(14.11 ±3.58)m/s,女性(13.51 ±±3.56)m/s(P＜0.05).(2)30 ～ 50岁、＞50 ～ 70岁、＞70岁三组C-F PWV随年龄增大而增快,分别为(11.11 ±2.00)m/s、(12.73 ±2.77) m/s、(14.74 ±3.29)m/s(P＜0.01).1年后3组的C-F PWV均增快,分别为(11.36 ±l.78)m/s(P ＞0.05)、(13.39±3.33) m/s(P＜0.01)和(15.68±3.94)m/s(P＜0.05),C-F PWV增幅依次为:＞70岁组、＞50 ～ 70岁组、30 ～ 50岁组.(3)BMI≥24 kg/m2组较BMI＜ 24 kg/m2组C-F PWV略低,分别为(12.93 ±2.89) m/s和(13.39±3.18)m/s(P＜0.05).1年后C-F PWV值均有增高,分别为(13.54±3.54) m/s,(14.27±3.61) m/s(P＜0.01).结论 除BMI外,性别、年龄均为动脉僵硬度的重要影响因素.

Objective To investigate the influences of gender,age,and body mass index (BMI)on the arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients.Methods A total of 1026 hypertensive patients were enrolled in this study from 6 community health centers in Baoshan District and Shanghai Third People's Hospital.The Related medical histories and carotid-femoral(C-F) pulse wave velocity (PWV) were recorded and PWV were re-tested in 672 patients after 1 year's follow-up.The C-F PWV was analyzed from different group of Gender,age and BMI at baseline and after follow up.Results (1)C-F PWV of the male hypertensive patients were higher than that of female's and the corresponding figures were (13.63 ±3.07)m/s and (12.59±2.85)m/s(P ＜0.01).After one year's follow up,C-F PWV was increased in both male and female with corresponding figures of (14.11 ± 3.58) m/s and (13.51 ± 3.56) m/s (P ＜ 0.05).(2) The C-F PWV was increased with age.The corresponding figures were [(11.11 ± 2.00) m/s for age group 30 ～ 50 years old,(12.73 ± 2.77) m/s for age group ＞ 50 ～ 70 years old,and (14.74 ± 3.29) m/s for age group ＞ 70 years old,all P ＜0.01].After one year's follow-up,C-F PWV of three age groups was increased and the corresponding figures were [(11.36±1.78)m/s(P ＞0.05),(13.39±3.33)m/s(P ＜0.01),and (15.68 ±3.94)m/s(P ＜0.05)].The increased range of C-F PWV (from high to low) was age group ＞ 70,age group ＞ 50 ～70 and age group 30 ～50.(3) C-F PWV of patients with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 was significantly lower than that of patients with BMI ＜24 kg/m2 and the corresponding figures were [(12.93 ±2.89)m/s and (13.39 ±3.18)m/s,P ＜0.05].After one year's follow up,C-F PWV was increased and the figures were [(13.54 ± 3.54) rn/s and (14.27±3.61) m/s,respectively(P ＜0.01)].Conclusions Except BMI,gender and age were the important influence factors on arterial stiffness.