摘要目的：探讨p16基因缺失及p16蛋白的表达情况在鉴别恶性间皮瘤与良性反应性间皮细胞增生中的作用。方法采用荧光原位杂交（ FISH）和免疫组织化学分别检测55例间皮瘤及30例良性反应性间皮细胞增生中p16基因和蛋白的表达情况，对两种方法的检测结果进行对比分析。结果在55例恶性间皮瘤组织学标本中，p16基因缺失率为81．8％（45／55），高于良性间皮细胞增生者（3．3％，1／30），差异有统计学意义（ P ＜0．05）；恶性间皮瘤组织学标本中 p16蛋白表达率为23．6％，低于良性间皮细胞增生者（76．7％）；FISH检测恶性间皮瘤组织中p16基因缺失敏感度及特异度均高于免疫组织化学方法检测p16蛋白者。结论恶性间皮瘤中p16基因缺失，p16蛋白阴性表达。 FISH检测恶性间皮瘤组织中p16基因缺失较免疫组织化学方法检测p16蛋白的敏感度及特异度均高，其可能在鉴别恶性间皮瘤与良性间皮增生中发挥重要的作用。

abstractsObjective To study the role of p16 gene mutation status as detected by fluorescence in-situ hybridization ( FISH) and p16 protein expression as detected by immunohistochemistry in differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma and benign mesothelial hyperplasia.Methods p16 gene mutation status and protein expression were detected by FISH and immunohistochemistry respectively in 55 cases of pleural malignant mesothelioma and 30 cases of benign mesothelial hyperplasia.Results FISH study showed that the rate of p16 deletion in malignant mesothelioma ( 81.8%,45/55 ) was higher than that in benign mesothelial hyperplasia ( 3.3%, 1/30 ) .The difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05 ) . Immunohistochemical study showed that the rate of p16 protein expression in malignant mesothelioma (23.6%) was lower than that in benign mesothelial hyperplasia ( 76.7%).The difference was also statistically significant.The sensitivity and specificity of FISH in distinguishing between mesothelioma and reactive mesothelial hyperplasia were higher than those of immunohistochemistry.Conclusions In contrast to reactive mesothelial hyperplasia, p16 gene is deleted and p16 protein is not expressed in malignant mesothelioma.The sensitivity and specificity of FISH are higher than those of immunohistochemistry in the distinction.