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目的 探讨Ⅰ期后、前路联合手术治疗伴关节交锁的颈椎骨折脱位的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2011年4月-2012年12月采用Ⅰ期后、前路手术治疗的21例颈椎骨折脱位伴关节突交锁患者,其中男16例,女5例;年龄23 ～61岁,平均38.3岁.先行后路手术切除部分关节突解除关节交锁,后方侧块螺钉复位固定;然后翻身行颈前路手术,根据压迫范围采用椎体次全切除或仅行椎间盘切椎间钛网植骨融合、钛板内固定.术后通过门诊或电话随访,评估患者植骨融合及神经功能恢复情况. 结果 21例患者手术时间130～210 min,平均140 min;出血量150 ～600 ml,平均340 ml.切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无手术相关并发症.5例术后并发严重肺部感染,其中1例术后2周死于呼吸功能衰竭.生存患者随访12～30个月,平均17个月.术后3～9个月(平均6个月)钛网植骨获牢固融合,随访期间未见内固定断裂及椎间钛网移位、塌陷.按照美国脊髓损伤协会(American Spinal Injury Association,ASIA)分级,脊髓功能末次随访较术前平均提高1级. 结论 Ⅰ期后、前路联合手术可同时实现解锁复位、椎管减压以及牢固的颈椎前后柱重建,是治疗伴关节突交锁的颈椎骨折脱位的理想方法.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of one-stage posterior-anterior approach surgery for patients with cervical fracture and dislocation combined with locked facet.Methods A retrospective review was conducted on 21 cases of cervical dislocation and fracture combined with locked facet treated by one-stage posterior-anterior approach surgery between April 2011 and December 2012.There were 16 males and 5 females at age ranging from 23 to 61 years (mean,38.3 years).Posterior unlocking reduction by partial facetectomy and lateral mass screw fixation was performed,followed by anterior decompression,internal fixation and interbody fusion by titanium meshes.Outpatient or telephone follow-up was performed to evaluate bone fusion and recovery of neurologic function.Results Mean operation time was 140 minutes (130-210 minutes) and mean blood loss was 340 ml (range,150-600 ml).All incisions got primary healing with no operation-correlated complications.Five patients complicated with severe lung infection after surgery and one died of respiratory failure two week later.Titanium meshes achieved bone fusion within 3-9 months (mean,6 months) after surgery.At a mean follow-up of 17 months (range,12-30 months),there was no implant breakage and mesh displacement or collapse.According to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score,preoperative neurologic deficit restored by mean one grade at final follow-up.Conclusion One-stage posterior-anterior approach surgery is an ideal choice for cervical fracture and dislocation combined with locked facet,for it provides unlocking reduction,canal decompression,and rigid reconstruction of the anterior-posterior column.