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地面模拟航空险情及有效性评价

Aviation emergency simulation on ground and the effectiveness assessment

摘要:

目的 结合蹬力任务与反应任务在地面模拟航空险情,利用任务绩效验证模拟效果,并采用心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)指标评价受试者在模拟情境下的心理应激反应.方法 27名男性志愿者参加蹬力任务、反应任务、综合任务.蹬力任务中受试者应用蹬舵所用的力表示蹬力大小,并记录蹬力曲线.反应任务中受试者需在1 s内对信号灯颜色作出正确判断,若按错或按键反应超时,安全电击将刺激受试者手腕.综合任务为以上两项任务同时进行.在任务开始前的静息期间、各项任务期间记录受试者心电信号,同时计算其反应速度、反应正确率及蹬力成绩.结果 受试者反应速度在综合任务中快于反应任务(t=5.16,P<0.05),而正确率低于反应任务(t=1.97,P<0.05);同时蹬力成绩在综合任务阶段最低(t=2.43,P<0.05).受试者在静息期间、蹬力任务和综合任务的心率差异有统计学意义(F=42.33,P<0.05);NN间期标准差、相邻NN间期差的均方根在3个任务阶段差异有统计学意义(x2 =25.85、38.00,P<0.05);各任务阶段高频功率、归一化的低频功率、归一化的高频功率差异有统计学意义(x2=19.18、26.96、24.00,P<0.05);NN间期标准差、相邻NN间期差的均方根静息时秩次最高而综合任务秩次最低.结论 综合任务使受试者出现了行为学上的改变.HRV等指标验证了受试者在综合任务中心理应激水平的提高,地面模拟航空险情能够诱发受试者一定程度的恐惧情绪反应.

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Objective To verify the simulation effect by the performance of pedal and reaction tasks in aviation emergency simulation on ground and to evaluate the subjects' psychological stress response by heart rate variability (HRV).Methods Twenty-seven male subjects participated in the reaction task,the pedal task and the comprehensive tasks.In pedal task,subjects applied force on pedals with the feedback of force indication and the force curves were recorded.Subjects were asked to respond colored lights of reaction task in defined time (1 s) in reaction task.A safe-level current stimulus was applied on subject's wrist in case of wrong or prolonged response happened.Comprehensive task was the integration of pedal and reaction tasks.ECG signals were recorded at pre-task baselines before the task and in the tasks.The reaction rate,reaction accuracy and the performance of pedal task were all calculated.Results The subjects' reaction rate in the comprehensive tasks was faster than that in the reaction task (t=5.16,P<0.05),while the accuracy was lower than that in the reaction task (t=1.97,P<0.05).The performance of pedal force in the comprehensive task was the lowest (t=2.43,P<0.05).Subjects' heart rate was significantly different among the pre-task,pedal task and comprehensive task (F=42.33,P<0.05).HR was the lowest in the pre-task and the highest in comprehensive task.Standard deviation of the NN intervals,root mean square of successive difference of the NN intervals had different distribution in 3 tasks (x2 =25.85,38.00,P<0.05).The high frequency power,low frequency normalized unit and high frequency normalized unit showed significantly different among tasks (x2=19.18,26.96,24.00,P<0.05).Standard deviation of the NN intervals,root mean square of successive difference of the NN intervals was the highest in pre-task and the lowest in comprehensive task.Conclusions The comprehensive task brings changes on the behavioristics of subjects.The HRV index verifies the raising of subjects' psychological stress in comprehensive task,and the aviation emergency that simulated on ground would induce subjects' fear mood to a certain extent.

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作者: 唐孟军 [1] 胡文东 [1] 马进 [1] 程珊 [1] 李晓京 [1]
分类号: R853.4
栏目名称: 论著
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-6239.2017.02.005
发布时间: 2017-08-24
基金项目:
总后勤部重大项目
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