摘要目的 评价支气管镜检查在艾滋病患者肺部感染病原诊断中的临床应用价值,探讨艾滋病合并肺部感染患者的病原谱及其分布.方法 收集2006年8月至2009年9月就诊于北京地坛医院的120例艾滋病合并肺部感染的患者,均行支气管镜检查及肺泡灌洗,收集BALF送检细菌培养及细胞病理检查;镜下可见明显组织异常者取支气管黏膜活检行病理学检查,并对患者的临床资料进行综合分析.结果 120例艾滋病合并肺部感染患者的BALF中,分枝杆菌抗酸染色阳性者30例,细菌培养阳性25例,肺孢子菌阳性12例,真菌培养阳性5例,巨细胞病毒阳性3例,阴性结果45例.26例行支气管黏膜活检,其中慢性炎性改变12例,鳞癌4例,腺癌2例,符合肉芽肿性炎性改变7例,淋巴瘤1例.结论 气管镜检查对艾滋病患者肺部感染病原学诊断具有明确的诊断价值.目前艾滋病合并肺部感染患者以结核病、细菌感染及肺孢子菌肺炎为主.

abstractsObjective To evaluate the clinical value of bronchoscopy in the pathogenic diagnosis of AIDS patients with pulmonary infections and to illustrate the constituent ratio of different pulmonary pathogens. Methods From August 2006 to September 2009, we performed bronchoscopies to 120 AIDS patients who had pulmonary infections. We described the manifestations under the bronchoscope and each patient underwent bronchoalveolar lavage for further detection including bacterial culture and pathological test. We also took biopsies in patients who had obviously abnormal lesions under the bronchoscope. At the same time, we collected the clinical information for analyzing. Results Among 120 patients, we found 30 cases of mycobacteri infection, 25 cases of bacterial infection, 12 cases of PCP, 5 cases of fungal positive, 3 cases of CMV. Bronchial mucosa biopsies were taken in 26 patients, 12 cases of chronic inflammation, 7 cases of granulomatous inflammation, 4 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 2 cases of adenocarcinoma and 1 case of lymphoma. Conclusion Bronchoscopy is a very useful tool and it's of great value for pathogenic detection in AIDS patients with pulmonary infections. At present, in China the main pulmonary infections in AIDS patients are TB, bacterial infection and PCP.