摘要铜绿假单胞菌（PA）下呼吸道感染，特别是难治耐药性PA（DTR-PA）所致感染仍然是临床的诊治难题。近年来，PA的流行病学、耐药情况不断发生变化，新型抗菌药物研发上市，需要重新认识PA下呼吸道感染。本期中华结核和呼吸杂志发表了“中国铜绿假单胞菌下呼吸道感染诊治专家共识（2022年版）”，本文将从4个方面对新共识进行解读：PA下呼吸道感染流行病学与耐药性的变迁，诊断标准的更新，治疗药物和治疗策略的调整，以及预防的具体方案。遵循这些要点认真进行研读，可以更好地领会新共识的精髓。

abstractsLower respiratory tract infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA), especially the infection caused by difficult-to-treat resistance PA, is still a challenge for clinicians. In recent years, its epidemiology and resistance keep changing, and new antibacterials against PA come into the market. So, we need to reconsider the proper management of lower respiratory tract infections of PA. In this issue, Chinese expert consensus on the management of lower respiratory tract infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in adults (2022) is officially published. This article interpreted this guideline in the following four sections, including the changing of epidemiology and drug resistance of lower respiratory tract infections of PA, the update of the diagnosis criteria, the adjustment of therapeutic medication and strategy, and the specific prevention methods. Comprehensive interpretation of this consensus through these four aspects will help us better understand the essence of this new consensus.