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目的 了解青岛市大龄女性性工作者(OFSW)的社会支持网络特征,分析其所获支持力度的影响因素.方法 应用Ucinet6软件分析2014年3-6月通过同伴推动抽样(RDS)方法获得的青岛市400名OFSW的个体中心社会支持网络特征,通过结构方程模型(SEM)对数据进行拟合和评估.结果 400名OFSW共提名1 617名社会支持网络成员,OFSW个体中心社会支持网络规模较小,平均为4.0±1.5,其中女性同行朋友613人,在各类社会关系中所占比重最大(37.91％),在异地户籍OFSW支持网中规模较小,非亲缘关系成员比重大的特征更加明显;OFSW所获情感支持力度(4.42±2.38)小于财力支持力度(5.73±1.69) (P＜0.05);SEM拟合结果表明同质性、连带强度和网络结构均为社会支持力度的影响因素,标准化的总效应分别为0.110、0.925和-0.069,其中同质性还可通过间接作用来影响.结论 青岛市OFSW倾向于向女性同行朋友寻求社会支持,支持成员与核心个体间连带强度越强、一般人口学特征越相似,网络结构越紧凑,核心成员所获平均支持力度越大.

Objective To overview the status of social support on older female sex workers (OFSWs) in Qingdao and to better understand the characteristics of this egocentric social support networks.Methods Ucinet 6 software was used to analyze the characteristics of egocentric social networks which involving 400 OFSWs who were recruited by respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method in Qingdao during March 2014 to June.Structural equation model (SEM) was used for data analysis,fitted test and estimation.Results A total of 400 OFSWs of Qingdao nominated 1 617 social supportive members,and the average size of egocentric social networks of OFSWs was (4.0 ± 1.5).Among all the alter egos (social support network members of the egos),613 were female sex workers fellows,accounted for the most important part of all the social ties (37.91％).Characteristics of small size and non-relative relationships were seen more obviously among OFSWs with non-local registration and the ratings of emotional support (4.42± 2.38) was significantly lower than the tangible support (5.73 ± 1.69) (P＜0.05).Result of the SEM showed that homogeneity,joint strength and the network structure were significantly related to the ratings of average support.The total standard effects of which were 0.110,0.925 and-0.069 respectively.It seemed that homogeneity can affect the degree of support,both directly and indirectly.Conclusion OFSWs in Qingdao tended to ask for social support from friends who were also female sex workers.Stronger the joint strength between egos and alters,greater the homogeneity between the two was seen.Tighter relations among the alter egos,higher degree of average social support of the egos were acquired.