摘要胰岛素抵抗作为2型糖尿病的主要病理特征在老年人中常见。然而，对衰老相关的胰岛素抵抗的深层机制的研究很少。在2019年4月，本研究团队在 ACS Nano杂志发表了1篇"骨髓间充质干细胞源外泌体MiR-29b-3p调节衰老相关胰岛素抵抗"文章[Su T, Xiao Y, Xiao Y, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal MiR-29b-3p regulates aging-associated insulin resistance. ACS Nano, 2019，13(2)：2450-2462. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09375]，本研究组在获得原杂志授权后，对该文进行中文编译。该文研究了骨髓间充质干细胞(BM-MSCs)释放的纳米化外泌体在衰老过程中对胰岛素敏感性的影响。体内实验和体外实验均表明由老年小鼠的BM-MSCs源外泌体被脂肪细胞、肌细胞和肝细胞摄取后通过MiR-29b-3p/SIRT1信号通路诱导胰岛素抵抗。利用核酸适配体介导的纳米复合物递送系统下调BM-MSCs源外泌体中MiR-29b-3p的水平，可使老年小鼠的胰岛素抵抗改善。同时，特异性过表达BM-MSCs中的MiR-29b-3p可诱导年轻小鼠的胰岛素抵抗。所以BM-MSCs源外泌体MiR-29b-3p可能为衰老相关胰岛素抵抗的潜在治疗靶点。

abstractsInsulin resistance is the major pathological characteristic of type 2 diabetes, often occoured among the elderlys. However, efforts to discover the deep-seated mechanisms for aging-related insulin resistance are still limited. This paper is the Chinese translation of "Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal MiR-29b-3p regulates aging-associated insulin resistance" , published on ACS NANO [Su T, Xiao Y, Xiao Y, et al. ACS Nano, 2019, 13(2): 2450-2462. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09375] by our research team, with the permission from the original journal. This study investigated the effect of nanometer exosomes released by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on insulin sensitivity during aging.Results both in vivo and in vitro showed that BM-MSCs-derived exosomes of aged mice could be taken up by adipocytes, myocytes, and hepatocytes, resulting in insulin resistance through MiR-29b-3p/SIRT1 pathway. Utilizing an aptamer-mediated nanocomplex delivery system that down-regulated the level of miR-29b-3p in BM-MSCs-derived exosomes significantly ameliorated the insulin resistance of aged mice. Meanwhile, BM-MSCs-specific overexpression of miR-29b-3p induced insulin resistance in young mice. Thus, MiR-29b-3p in BM-MSCs-derived exosomes could represent a promising target for the therapy of aging-associated insulin resistance.