摘要目的 探讨急性脑梗死患者发病前共存病与长期预后的关系.方法 前瞻性收集2010年8月至2012年11月在济南军区总医院神经内科住院的急性脑梗死患者644例,记录其年龄、性别、Charlson共存病指数(Charlson Comorbidity Index,CCI)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分等基线资料.在发病后第90天通过电话随访,采用改良Rankin量表(mRS)对其预后进行评价(mRS评分≤2分为预后良好,mRS评分＞2分为预后较差).由于CCI包含特异性共存病,所以将CCI、去除特异性共存病的CCI、特异性共存病等分别作为影响患者3个月预后的危险因素,单因素分析并筛选影响患者3个月预后的危险因素后,再采用多元Logistic回归模型分析CCI、特异性共存病是否为患者mRS评分的独立预测因子.结果 CCI(0R=3.446,95％ CI1.662～7.417;P=0.001)是评价急性脑梗死患者预后的独立预测因子.同时,心力衰竭(OR=6.229,95％ CI1.705 ～ 22.755;P =0.006)、糖尿病(OR=2.584,95％ CI1.709 ～ 3.906;P=0.000)等特异性共存病也是评价患者预后的独立预测因子.结论 发病前CCI得分越高、伴有糖尿病或心力衰竭的急性脑梗死患者预后差的可能性越大.CCI及急性脑梗死患者的特异性共存病如糖尿病、心力衰竭可作为评价患者3个月预后的敏感指标.

abstractsObjective To investigate the correlation between prestroke comorbidity and long-term outcomes in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients who were hospitalized were prospectively recruited from August 2010 to November 2012.Six hundred and forty-four patients were enrolled,the baseline data including Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI),National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score,type of Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP:total anterior circulation infarct,partial anterior circulation infarct,posterior circulation infarct and lacunar infarct) were recorded.And recovery was assessed by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 90 days after stroke by telephone interview (mRS score ≤ 2 reflected good prognosis,and mRS score ＞ 2 reflected unfavorable prognosis).Because CCI included specific comorbidity,we considered CCI,CCI without specific comorbidity and specific comorbidity as variable respectively.After screening the risk factors affecting prognosis using univariate analysis,the relationship between comorbidity and prognosis was estimated using multinomial logistic regression model.Results CCI was an independent predictor of good prognosis and unfavorable prognosis (OR =3.446,95％ CI 1.662-7.417; P =0.001).Congestive heart failure and diabetes were each independent predictor of good prognosis and unfavorable prognosis also (diabetes:OR =2.584,95％ CI 1.709-3.906,P =0.000; congestive heart failure:OR =6.229,95％ CI 1.705-22.755,P =0.006).Conclusions After acute ischemic stroke,the patients with the higher CCI score,diabetes and congestive heart failure are more likely to achieve unfavorable outcome.CCI,diabetes and congestive heart failure can each be used as a sensitive index to evaluate the 90 d prognosis of patients.Trial registration Clinical Research Center of China (CHiCTR-OCH-14004228)