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骨关节炎的患者越来越多,给患者及社会带来沉重的负担.然而,目前仍没有一种合适的外科手术或药物可以完全治疗骨关节炎.近几年,以细胞为基础的治疗逐渐受到研究者的重视,间充质干细胞在损伤组织修复中的独特优势也不断被发现.本文就间充质干细胞在骨关节炎中软骨损伤修复作用作一综述.详细阐述了它在骨关节炎软骨修复中的三大作用机制,即免疫调节作用、抗炎修复作用、成软骨细胞作用.并且,总结了国内外大量间充质干细胞在骨关节炎软骨修复中具有良好的修复效果的动物实验和临床前试验.最后,本文指出了目前面临的一些挑战,例如最优间充质干细胞的组织来源问题、三维立体培养支架材料的安全问题等,这些问题仍有待我们进一步深入研究.

The growing population of osteoarthritis(OA) patients has brought great burden to both the patients themselves and the society.But we still don't have any suitable operation or drugs that can fully cure the OA today.During the past few years,cell-based treatment has brought considerable attention among the researchers around the world,which led to the advantages,which is very unique,of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in repairing the damage tissue being discovered piece by piece.In this article,we reviewed the mechanisms of MSCs repairs the lesion of osteoarthritis cartilage,this review covers three mainly mechanisms of MSCs:the immunological regulation effects、anti-inflammatory effects during the reparation and the enhancement of chondrocytes formation.In the end of this article,lots of tests including both animal models and clinical trials has demonstrated the great effects of MSCs during the reparation of OA cartilage.We also pointed out some of the major challenges which is the hindrance in the using of MSCs that we faced today,like a promising cell source,the safety of three dimensional scaffold for cell culture and so on.Therefore,some more in-depth studies is needed in the future.