摘要21世纪以来，高分辨食管测压的问世促成贲门失弛缓症测压分型的出现，对治疗方法选择与预后判定产生了重要的指导意义。24 h食管pH值监测结合食管阻抗的应用对诊断胃食管反流及判断反流物性质有决定性作用。经腹腔镜Heller肌切开术和经口内镜下肌切开术用于贲门失弛缓症的外科治疗，经腹腔镜抗反流手术和经腹腔镜磁性括约肌增强器放置用于胃食管反流病的外科治疗，使原发食管运动障碍性疾病和胃食管反流病的治疗进入了微创时代。我国原发食管运动障碍性疾病和胃食管反流病的诊断和外科治疗还不够普及，复杂疾病的诊治研究较少，缺乏高水平临床研究，是该领域今后努力的方向。

abstractsThe advent of high-resolution esophageal manometry in this century produced manometric types of esophageal achalasia, which was very important for the selection of treatment methods and the assessment of prognosis. The application of 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring combined with impedance played a decisive role in determination of gastroesophageal reflux and refluxant. Advanced technologies such as laparoscopic Heller myotomy and per-oral endoscopic myotomy were used for surgical treatment of achalasia, laparoscopic anti-reflux procedures and magnetic sphincter augmentation were applied to the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux diseases (GERD). These advanced procedures implied that the treatment of primary esophageal motility disorders (PEMD) and GERD came into the minimally invasive era. However, the diagnosis and treatment of PEMD and GERD are not popular enough in our country, the studies and high-level clinical evidences are insufficient on uncommon PEMD and complex GERD, which are the further directions of efforts.