摘要目的:观察内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)对浅表食管癌(SEC)的临床疗效，探讨ESD在SEC治疗中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年12月因SEC在南京医科大学第一附属医院行ESD治疗的368例患者的临床资料，包括患者的一般情况、病灶环周比例、ESD治疗的有效性评价指标(整块切除率、完全切除率、治愈性切除率、手术时间和切除病变面积)，并发症发生率和随访情况等。368例患者根据ESD术后是否发生食管狭窄分为狭窄组(94例)和非狭窄组(274例)，比较狭窄组与非狭窄组的病灶环周比例、手术时间和切除病变面积，分析ESD术后食管狭窄发生的独立危险因素。统计学方法采用独立样本 t检验、卡方检验和二元logistic回归分析。 结果:368例患者中男270例(73.4%)，女98例(26.6%)；年龄为(64.4±7.6)岁；病变环周比例<1/2周者231例(62.8%)，1/2~<2/3周者49例(13.3%)，≥2/3周者88例(23.9%)；病变的整块切除率为98.6%(363/368)，完全切除率和治愈性切除率均为97.8%(360/368)，手术时间为(89.4±47.9)min，切除病变面积为(12.5±8.9)cm 2；术中穿孔、术后迟发性出血和食管狭窄的发生率分别为0.3%(1/368)、0.5%(2/368)和25.5%(94/368)；随访时间为8~53个月，中位随访时间为25个月，随访期间均未出现食管癌复发或新发病灶，均未发生淋巴结或远处转移。狭窄组和非狭窄组中，病变环周比例<1/2周者分别为38例(40.4%)和193例(70.4%)、病变环周比例1/2~<2/3周者分别为9例(9.6%)和40例(14.6%)、病变环周比例≥2/3周者分别为47例(50.0%)和41例(15.0%)，两组病变环周比例比较差异有统计学意义( χ2＝47.30， P<0.01)。狭窄组的手术时间较非狭窄组更长，切除病变面积较非狭窄组更大[(126.1±56.3)min比(76.8±37.2) min、(17.5±10.7) cm 2比(10.8±7.4) cm 2]，差异均有统计学意义( t＝9.57、5.41， P均<0.01)。二元logistic回归分析结果显示，病变环周比例≥2/3周、手术时间和切除病变面积均为ESD术后食管狭窄发生的独立危险因素( OR＝0.253、1.018、1.041，95% CI 0.116~0.551、1.011~1.025、1.007~1.076， P均<0.05)。 结论:ESD是治疗SEC安全、有效的方式，术后SEC局部复发率低，并发症少，值得临床进一步推广。

abstractsObjective:To observe the clinical efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the treatment of superficial esophageal cancer (SEC), and to explore the application value of ESD in the treatment of SEC.Methods:From January 2016 to December 2019, at The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, the clinical data of 368 patients with SEC and receiving ESD treatment were retrospectively analyzed, induding the general condition, the circumferential proportion of lesions, effectiveness of ESD treatment (en bloc resection rate, complete resection rate, curative resection rate, operation time and resected lesion area), incidence of complications and follow-up. 368 patients were divided into stenosis group (94 cases) and non-stenosis group (274 cases) according to the occurrence of esophageal stenosis after ESD. The circumferential proportion of lesions, operation time and resected lesion area were compared between stenosis group and non-stenosis group, and the independent risk factors of esophageal stenosis after ESD were analyzed. Independent sample t test, chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among 368 patients, 270(73.4%) were male and 98 (26.6%) were female; the age was (64.4±7.6) years old. The circumferential proportion of lesions of 231 cases (62.8%) was <1/2 circle, 49 cases (13.3%) was 1/2 to <2/3 circle, and 88 cases (23.9%) was ≥2/3 circle. The en bloc resection rate of the lesion was 98.6%(363/368), the complete resection rate and curative resection rate were both 97.8% (360/368). The operation time was (89.4±47.9) min. The area of resected lesion was (12.5±8.9) cm 2. The incidence of perforation during operation, delayed bleeding and stenosis was 0.3% (1/368), 0.5% (2/368) and 25.5% (94/368), respectively. The followed-up period was 8 to 53 months, and the median follow-up period was 25 months. During the follow-up period, no recurrence or new lesion was found, and no lymph node or distant metastasis occurred. The circumferential proportion of lesions of 38 cases (40.4%) of stenosis group and 193 cases (70.4%) of non-stenosis group was <1/2 circle, respectively, the circumferential proportion of lesions of 9 cases (9.6%) and 40 cases (14.6%) was 1/2 to <2/3 circle, respectively, the circumferential proportion of lesions of 47 cases (50.0%) and 41 cases (15.0%) was ≥2/3 circle, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=47.30, P<0.01). The operation time of stenosis group was longer than that of non-stenosis group, the resected lesion area was larger than that of non-stenosis group ((126.1±56.3) min vs. (76.8±37.2) min, (17.5±10.7) cm 2 vs. (10.8±7.4) cm 2), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=9.57 and 5.41, both P<0.01). The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that circumferential proportion of lesions ≥2/3 circle, operation time and the resected lesion area were independent risk factors for the occurrence of esophageal stenosis after ESD (odds ratio=0.253, 1.018 and 1.041, 95% confidence interval 0.116 to 0.551, 1.011 to 1.025, 1.007 to 1.076, all P<0.05). Conclusions:ESD is a safe and effective way to treat SEC, with low local recurrence rate and few complications, which is worthy of further clinical promotion.