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目的　研究白介素10(IL-10)在大白鼠心脏移植排斥反应中心脏局部的表达变化情况，并探讨其参与排斥反应的可能机制。方法　实验动物分5组，A组(对照组)、B组(供体特异性全血输注组)、C组(Anti-IL-2Mab组)、D组(Anti-IL-4Mab组)、E组(Anti-IL-2Mab+环孢霉素A组)，处理受体。将大鼠移植心移植到受体的颈部，观察移植心存活时间、动态病理变化。并于移植术后第1、3、5、7、9、11、14 d分别取移植心置于液氮中待测。应用半定量的RT-PCR法动态检测移植心IL-10的表达情况。结果　各组移植心存活时间分别为(8.3±1.7) d、(29.2±7.1) d、(26.4±5.7) d、(10.2±1.9) d、(55.0±10.6) d。其中B组、C组与A组比较差异有显著意义，E组与A组及C组比较分别有极显著意义和显著意义。IL-10在B组、C组及E组均有较强的表达，在A组及D组表达微弱，并与移植物的存活时间密切相关。结论　IL-10参与调节移植排斥反应，其机制可能为Th类细胞因子的免疫偏离。应用Th1类细胞因子单克隆抗体并联用免疫抑制剂可以有效的抑制移植排斥反应，从而延长移植物的存活期。

Objective: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory helper T cell type 2 (Th2) cytokine that modulates Th1-type cytokine production. The purpose of present study was to detect the expression and changes of IL-10 in the rats heart transplantation, as determine the role of IL-10 in the acute rejection of rats heart transplantation. Methods: Hearts from DA rats were transplanted into the necks of Wistar recipients. Allografts was divided into five groups: group A (control, n=12), group B (DST treated, n=12), group C (IL-2 Mab treated, n=12), group D (IL-4 Mab treated, n=12), group E (IL-2 Mab treated, n=12). The local expression of IL-10 was analyzed at day 1,3,5,7,9,11,14 by reversed transcripition polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Allografts survival time was (8.3±1.7) days, (29.2±7.1) days, (26.4±5.7) days, (10.2±1.9) days and (55.0±10.6) days (P＜0.05， P＜0.01), respectively. When compared with group A, the level of IL-10 was upregulated in group B, group C and group E, especially in group E. The upregulation of IL-10 was related to the grafts survival time. Conclusion: IL-10 plays an important role in the development of acute transplantational rejection, suggests that Th-2 type deviation may contribute to the prolongation of graft survival.