上海市新泾镇2型糖尿病人群白内障患病率及其相关因素的流行病学调查
A cross-sectional study of cataract in residents with type 2 diabetes living in Xinjing Town,Shanghai
目的 了解上海市新泾镇2型糖尿病人群白内障的患病率、分型特点及相关因素.方法 横断面研究.对上海新泾镇88 864名常驻人口中的7 756名2型糖尿病居民随机整群抽样,抽取20个基本抽样单位,于2016年4至6月进行视力及眼部检查,按晶状体混浊分类系统Ⅱ(LOCSⅡ)评估晶状体混浊程度以及分型,以LOCS≥2作为白内障的诊断和分型标准.计算糖尿病人群的白内障患病率和白内障分型情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析糖尿病人群罹患白内障的相关因素.结果 共有1 719名2型糖尿病居民完成了检查,其中男性682人(39.67%)、女性1 037人(60.33%).总共有434例患有白内障,患病率为25.25%.各白内障分型占总人群比例:核性15.7%(269/1 719)、皮质性2.2%(38/1 719)、后囊膜下0.12%(2/1 719)、混合型2.4%(42/1 719).多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄(P<0.001)、糖尿病病程(P<0.001)、教育程度(P=0.005)、空腹血糖(P6.1-7.7mmol/L=0.025,P78-247mmol/L=0.022,与空腹血糖3.6~6.0mmol/L比较)、眼轴长度(P<0.001)与糖尿病人群罹患白内障相关.结论 白内障是2型糖尿病人群的常见眼病,核性白内障在此类人群中比例最高.年龄、糖尿病病程、教育程度、空腹血糖、眼轴长度与糖尿病人群罹患白内障相关.
更多Objective To investigate the prevalence,subtypes and risk factors of cataract in type 2 diabetic individuals.Methods Geographically defined cluster sampling method was used in this population-based,cross-sectional study.There were 7 756 type 2 diabetes individuals in Xinjing Town with a residential population of 88 864.The type 2 diabetic individuals were randomly selected from 20 basic sample units in Xinjing Town of Changning District from April to June 2016.All participants received visual acuity measurement and eye examination.The standard of lens opacity assessment was according to the Lens Opacities Classification System Ⅱ (LOCS Ⅱ).The prevalence of cataract in diabetic individuals was calculated with LOCS≥2.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relevant factors of cataract in type 2 diabetic individuals.Results A total of 1 719 type 2 diabetic individuals were included in the analysis.There were 682 men (39.67%) and 1 037 women (60.33%) in this population.There were 434 cataract individuals and the prevalence of cataract was 25.25%.There were 269 cases of nuclear type (15.7%),38 cases of cortical type (2.2%),2 cases of posterior subcapsular type (0.12%) and 42 cases of mixed type (2.4%) in the 1 719 individuals.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (P< 0.001),duration of diabetes (P<0.001),education (P=0.005),fasting blood glucose (P6.1-7.7mmol/L=0.025,P7.8.24.3mmol/L=0.022,compared with 3.6-6.0 mmol/L of fasting blood glucose),and ocular axial length (P<0.001) were associated with cataract.Conclusion Cataract is a common ophthalmic disease in adults with type 2 diabetes in Xinjing Town.Regular screening of diabetes in the high risk population and intensive control of both glucose and blood pressure in diabetic patients are recommended to prevent and delay the development of cataract.
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