摘要目的 分析乳糜性浆膜腔积液的临床特点,提高该病的诊治水平.方法 复习1990-2009年(20年间)北京协和医院乳糜性浆膜腔积液的住院病例资料,分析其临床特点和诊治现状.结果 123例乳糜性浆膜腔积液患者常见的的临床表现包括:呼吸困难(55.3%)、水肿(26.8%)、腹胀(22.8%)和消瘦(17.1%).不管是否有基础疾病,血清白蛋白减低很常见(45.5%).乳糜试验阳性、浆膜腔积液甘油三酯水平＞1.25 mmol/L、淋巴管核素显像以及淋巴管造影的阳性率分别为:89.1%、80.6%、70.6%和89.5%.常见病因包括创伤(14.6%)、恶性肿瘤(9.0%)、感染(7.3%)、淋巴管疾病或特发性淋巴管异常(40%)、药物相关(2.4%)和继发于各种基础疾病(16.3%)等.55例有随访资料:43.6%乳糜积液消失,20%好转,21.8%死亡.结论 乳糜性浆膜腔积液病因复杂,临床表现缺乏特异性,但常有明显全身消耗症状.全面系统检查有助于尽早确定病因.常用的治疗方法包括饮食调节、病因治疗和外科治疗.

abstractsObjective To analyze the clinical characteristics of chylous effusion and boost its diagnostic and therapeutic level. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted for 123 cases of chylous effusion at our hospital between January 1990 and December 2009. Results The main clinical manifestations of chylous effusion included dyspnea ( 55.3% ), edema ( 26. 8% ), abdominal distention (22. 8% ) and loss of weight ( 17. 1% ). Hypoalbuminia was common (45. 5% ) and it was even more so in patients with idiopathic lymphopathies or of unknown causes (95.2%). The positive rates of identifying chylous effusion by Sudan Ⅲ test, high triglyceride levels ( ＞ 1.25 mmol/L), lymphangiography or lyphangioscintigraphy were 89. 1%, 80. 6%, 70. 6% and 89. 5% respectively. Its common etiologies included injury ( 14. 6% ), malignancy (9. 0% ), infections ( 7.3% ), lymphatic disorders or idiopathic lymphopathies ( 40% ), drug-associated ( 2. 4% ) or associated with underlying disorders ( 16. 3% ).Efficacy was achieved in 63.6% of the patients and 21.8% died. Conclusions Chylous effusion is a special type of serous effusion with multiple causes. Its clinical manifestations are often nonspecific. But malnutrition is common. Its causes are identified after a systematic evaluation. Treatment modalities include dietary modification, management of underlying causes and surgical approaches.