摘要目的 选用间隔区寡核苷酸分型方法对有中国代表性的菌株进行基因分型,研究不同基因型在中国的流行情况,并分析基因型与耐药表型的关系.方法 中国疾病预防控制中心于2007-2008年,按照流行病学抽样的原则从中国31个省收集涂片阳性的结核病患者的临床分离株4 017株,采用比例法进行药物敏感性实验,选用寡核苷酸分型方法对菌株进行基因分型.基因型检出率差异比较采用x2检验.结果 在4017株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株中,北京基因型菌株包括2 500株(62.2％).北方地区来源菌株北京基因型检出率达76.5％(1 913株),高于南方地区检出率(53.2％,1 330株),差异有统计学意义(x2=219.69,P＜0.05).南方地区T1型检出率达13.3％(332株),高于北方地区检出率(4.3％,108株),差异有统计学意义(x2=88.07,P＜0.05).北京基因型在耐利福平(21.7％)、耐氧氟沙星(4.9％)和MDR( 11.3％)的比例都高于非北京基因型的相应菌株比例18.4％、2.4％和7.4％,差异有统计学意义(x2值分别为22.10、14.42和14.83,P均＜0.05).结论 北京基因型目前仍然是中国主要流行基因型,并且比例呈现出地域差别,北方地区显著高于南方地区.北京基因型菌株与耐利福平、耐氧氟沙星和MDR有关.

abstractsObjective To study the genotypes of representative Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tuberculosis) strains from China with spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping),and to investigate the prevalence of different genotypes TB in China,and analyse the relationship between genotype and drug resistance.Methods 4017 clinical isolates were collected by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2007 to 2008 in 31 provinces in China according to sampling principle of epidemiology.Drug susceptibility testing was performed using proportion method,and spoligotyping was chosen to carry out genotyping of these M.tuberculosis.In addition,chi-square test was used to compare the differences among the detection rate of different genotypes.Results Among the 4017 M.tuberculosis isolates,2500 ( 62.2％ ) isolates belonged to Beijing genotype.The percentage of Beijing genotypes in the northern of China was higher than that in the southern of China ( 76.5％ vs.53.2％,x2 =219.69,P ＜ 0.05 ),while T1 genotypes were more common in the southern China,compared with that in northern China ( 13.3％ vs.4.3％,x2 =219.69,P ＜ 0.05 ).The differences were statistically significant.The proportions of Rifampinresistant (21.7％ vs.21.7％ ),Ofloxacin-resistant (4.9％ vs.2.4％ ) and Multidrug-resistant ( 11.3％vs.7.4％ ) isolates among Beijing genotype strains were significantly higher than those among non-Beijing strains (x2 =22.10,14.42 and 14.83,respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Beijing genotype was still predominant epidemic genotypes.The percentage of Beijing genotype showed difference between distinct areas,and the percentage of Beijing genotypes in northern China was higher than that in southern China.Beijing genotype strains reveal correlation with Rifampin-resistance,Ofloxacin-resistance and Multidrug-resistance.