摘要经气管切开导管高流量氧疗(THFO)与经鼻高流量氧疗有相近的生理效应，提供准确的吸入氧浓度、最佳的气道湿化。但THFO由于连接界面不同，研究显示其对死腔的冲刷作用有限，呼气末正压效应不明显。THFO目前主要应用于长期机械通气患者的撤机、慢性呼吸衰竭患者的家庭氧疗以及气管切开术后的氧疗等，其临床应用也在不断地被探索，但目前还没有大样本随机临床试验研究。在临床上，应根据患者实际情况进行综合评估后，选择适当的治疗手段。

abstractsThere are some similarities on the physiological effects of between tracheotomy high-flow oxygen therapy (THFO) and high-flow nasal cannula, such as providing accurate inhalation oxygen concentration and optimal airway humidification.However, THFO has its different aspects, such as its limited flushing effect on the dead space, the positive end-expiratory pressure effect is not obvious.At present, THFO is mainly used in the weaning of patients with long-term mechanical ventilation, home oxygen therapy for patients with chronic respiratory failure, and oxygen therapy after tracheotomy, etc.Clinical applications are being explored, but there are still lack of large randomized clinical trials.In clinical practice, the appropriate treatment should be selected after assessment according to the actual situation of the patient.