摘要目的:探讨血浆可溶性白细胞分化抗原14亚型(soluble leukocyte differentiation antigen 14 subtype，又称Presepsin)联合中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin，NGAL)对儿童脓毒症早期诊断和预后预测的价值。方法:选取2017年6月至2020年10月我院收治的94例脓毒症患儿，41例发生休克为脓毒性休克组，53例未发生休克为脓毒症组。选择同期本院体检健康儿童41例为对照组。检测3组血浆Presepsin、NGAL、降钙素原(procalcitonin，PCT)和C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein，CRP)水平。记录脓毒症患儿小儿危重病例评分、序贯器官衰竭(sequential organ failure，SOFA)评分。根据患儿入院28 d病死率分为存活组75例，死亡组19例。比较存活组和死亡组血浆Presepsin、NGAL、PCT和CRP水平及小儿危重病例评分、SOFA评分。采用Pearson检验和受试者工作特征曲线分析血浆Presepsin、NGAL与小儿危重病例评分、SOFA评分的相关性以及对儿童脓毒症早期诊断、预后预测的价值。结果:脓毒症组和脓毒性休克组血浆Presepsin、NGAL、PCT和CRP水平均高于对照组，且脓毒性休克组均高于脓毒症组( P<0.05)；死亡组血浆Presepsin、NGAL、PCT、CRP水平和SOFA评分均高于存活组，小儿危重病例评分低于存活组( P<0.05)。血浆Presepsin、NGAL与小儿危重病例评分均呈负相关( r＝-0.676， P<0.001； r＝-0.664， P<0.001)，与SOFA评分均呈正相关( r＝0.781， P<0.001； r＝0.749， P<0.001)。当血浆Presepsin水平为468.91 ng/L时，诊断脓毒症的敏感度为85.6%，特异度为77.5%。当血浆NGAL水平为38.94 ng/mL时，诊断脓毒症的敏感度为82.4%，特异度为65.8%。血浆Presepsin联合NGAL早期诊断儿童脓毒症的曲线下面积(area under curve，AUC)为0.912(95% CI 0.865～0.959)，高于血浆Presepsin的AUC 0.857(95% CI 0.785～0.928)和NGAL的AUC 0.761(95% CI 0.680～0.841)。当血浆Presepsin水平为816.92 ng/L时，预测脓毒症预后的敏感度为73.2%，特异度为76.1%。当血浆NGAL水平为51.27 ng/mL时，预测脓毒症预后的敏感度为67.4%，特异度为68.0%。血浆Presepsin联合NGAL预测儿童脓毒症预后的AUC为0.891(95% CI 0.816～0.966)，高于血浆Presepsin的AUC 0.795(95% CI 0.698～0.892)和NGAL的AUC 0.714(95% CI 0.577～0.851)。 结论:临床通过检测血浆Presepsin和NGAL水平有助于早期诊断儿童脓毒症和判断病情严重程度，对评价患儿预后有指导意义，有利于改善患儿预后。

abstractsObjective:To explore the value of plasma soluble leukocyte differentiation antigen 14 subtype(Presepsin) combined with neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin(NGAL) in the early diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis in children.Methods:A total of 94 children with sepsis admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to October 2020 were selected, 41 children with shock were classified as septic shock group, and 53 children without shock were classified as sepsis group.Another 41 healthy children in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The plasma levels of Presepsin, NGAL, procalcitonin(PCT) and C-reactive protein(CRP)were detected in three groups.The pediatric critical illness score and sequential organ failure(SOFA)score of children with sepsis were recorded.According to the mortality of the children within 28 days of admission, they were divided into survival group( n=75)and death group( n=19). The plasma levels of Presepsin, NGAL, PCT and CRP, pediatric critical illness score and SOFA score were compared between the survival group and the death group.Pearson test and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to analyze the correlation between plasma Presepsin, NGAL and pediatric critical illness score, SOFA score, and the predictive value of early diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis in children. Results:The levels of plasma Presepsin, NGAL, PCT and CRP in sepsis group and septic shock group were higher than those in control group, and those in septic shock group were higher than those in sepsis group( P<0.05). The plasma levels of Presepsin, NGAL, PCT, CRP and SOFA scores in death group were higher than those in survival group, and the pediatric critical illness score in death group was lower than that in survival group( P<0.05). Plasma Presepsin and NGAL were negatively correlated with pediatric critical illness score( r=-0.676, P<0.001; r=-0.664, P<0.001), and positively correlated with SOFA score( r=0.781, P<0.001; r=0.749, P<0.001). When the plasma Presepsin level was 468.91 ng/L, the sensitivity of area under curve(AUC) for sepsis diagnosis was 85.6% and the specificity was 77.5%.When the plasma NGAL level was 38.94 ng/mL, the sensitivity of AUC for sepsis diagnosis was 82.4%, and the specificity was 65.8%.The AUC of plasma Presepsin combined with NGAL for early diagnosis of sepsis was 0.912(95% CI 0.865 to 0.959), which was higher than of plasma Presepsin of 0.857(95% CI 0.785 to 0.928) and the AUC of NGAL of 0.761(95% CI 0.680 to 0.841). When the plasma Presepsin level was 816.92 ng/L, the sensitivity for predicting the prognosis of sepsis was 73.2% and the specificity was 76.1%.When the plasma NGAL level was 51.27 ng/mL, the sensitivity for predicting the prognosis of sepsis was 67.4% and the specificity was 68.0%.The AUC of plasma Presepsin combined with NGAL to predict the prognosis of sepsis was 0.891(95% CI 0.816 to 0.966), which was higher than the AUC of plasma Presepsin of 0.795(95% CI 0.698 to 0.892) and NGAL of AUC 0.714(95% CI 0.577 to 0.851). Conclusion:Clinical detection of plasma Presepsin and NGAL levels is helpful to early diagnosis of sepsis and judge the severity of the disease in children, which has guiding significance in evaluating the prognosis, and is beneficial to improve the prognosis.