摘要目的:分析营养支持信息化软件目标导向治疗对成人重型颅脑损伤（sTBI）患者营养达标的效果。方法:选择湖州市第一人民医院急诊重症监护病房（EICU）收治的成人sTBI患者为研究对象。以2019年3月1日信息化软件上线时间为节点，将2018年3月1日至2019年2月28日实施早期规范化肠内营养（EN）流程的患者作为对照组；2019年3月1日至2020年2月29日借助与重症信息系统软件相嵌合的危重患者营养支持管理系统软件实施营养管理的患者作为试验组。评价两组患者营养支持效果，包括启动EN支持时间，7 d和14 d的能量总供给量、蛋白质总供给量、能量达标率，静脉输注白蛋白总量；以及危重症管理相关指标，包括重症监护病房（ICU）28 d存活率、持续有创机械通气时间、撤离有创机械通气成功率、自主呼吸试验（SBT）完成时浅快呼吸指数（RSBI）、7 d和14 d血清胆碱酯酶等。结果:51例sTBI患者纳入分析，对照组28例，试验组23例。两组患者性别、年龄、体质量指数（BMI）、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）、序贯器官衰竭评分（SOFA）、营养风险评分（NUTRIC）等基线资料比较差异均无统计学意义，具有可比性。与对照组比较，试验组启动EN支持时间明显提前（h：26.82±8.33比36.73±12.86， P＝0.046），7 d和14 d蛋白质总供给量〔g·kg -1·d -1：1.87（1.36，1.92）比1.02（0.87，1.67），2.63（1.49，1.92）比1.23（0.89，1.92），均 P<0.05〕、14 d能量总供给量（kJ·kg -1·d -1：154.26±68.16比117.99±112.42， P＝0.033）明显增加，14 d能量达标率明显升高〔80.0%（16/20）比35.7%（10/28）， P＝0.002〕，14 d血清胆碱酯酶明显升高〔U/L：5 792.5（4 621.0，8 131.0）比4 689.7（3 639.0，7 892.0）， P＝0.048〕，而其他指标在两组间差异均无统计学意义〔7 d能量总供给量（kJ·kg -1·d -1）：91.50±30.50比92.88±28.16， P＝0.184；7 d能量达标率：34.7%（8/23）比21.4%（6/28）， P＝0.288；静脉输注白蛋白总量（g）：97.80±46.29比114.29±52.68， P＝0.086；ICU 28 d存活率：87.0%比78.6%， P＝0.081；持续有创机械通气时间（d）：14.33±7.68比15.68±6.82， P＝0.074；撤离有创机械通气成功率：69.6%比67.9%， P＝0.895；SBT完成时RSBI（次·min -1·L -1）：26.84±10.69比33.68±8.94， P＝0.052；7 d血清胆碱酯酶（U/L）：4 289.7（2 868.0，7 291.0）比3 762.2（2 434.0，6 892.0）， P＝0.078〕。 结论:营养支持信息化软件的临床运用有助于成人sTBI患者的营养支持治疗流程的规范化落实，值得临床进一步研究与推广。

abstractsObjective:To analyze the effect of target-oriented treatment based on nutrition-oriented information software on nutritional standards of adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).Methods:Adult patients with sTBI admitted to the department of emergency intensive care unit (EICU) of Huzhou First People's Hospital were enrolled. Taking the online time of information software as the node on March 1st 2019, the patients who underwent early standardized enteral nutrition (EN) process from March 1st 2018 to February 28th 2019 were taken as the control group. The patients who received nutrition management by the nutritional support management system software for critical patients from March 1st 2019 to February 29th 2020 were used as the experimental group. The software was integrated with critical information system software. The effects of nutritional support in two groups were evaluated, including starting time of EN; total energy supply, total protein supply, energy compliance rate on 7 days and 14 days; the total albumin. And the related indicators of critical illness management were evaluated, including the survival rate of intensive care unit (ICU) at 28 days, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), successful rates of weaning from IMV, rapid shallow breath index (RSBI) after spontaneous breathing test (SBT), serum cholinesterase on 7 days and 14 days, etc.Results:Fifty-one patients with sTBI were included in the analysis, 28 in the control group and 23 in the experimental group. There were no significant differences in baseline data between the two groups, such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, nutritional risk score (NUTRIC), etc., which were comparable. Compared with the control group, the starting time of EN in experimental group was significantly earlier (hours: 26.82±8.33 vs. 36.73±12.86, P = 0.046). The total protein supply on 7 days and 14 days [g·kg -1·d -1: 1.87 (1.36, 1.92) vs. 1.02 (0.87, 1.67), 2.63 (1.49, 1.92) vs. 1.23 (0.89, 1.92), both P < 0.05], the total energy supply on 14 days (kJ·kg -1·d -1: 154.26±68.16 vs. 117.99±112.42, P = 0.033), the energy compliance rate on 14 days [80.0% (16/20) vs. 35.7% (10/28), P = 0.002], and the serum cholinesterase on 14 days [U/L: 5 792.5 (4 621.0, 8 131.0) vs. 4 689.7 (3 639.0, 7 892.0), P = 0.048] in experimental group were significantly increased. There were no significant differences in other indicators between the two groups [total energy supply on 7 days (kJ·kg -1·d -1): 91.50±30.50 vs. 92.88±28.16, P = 0.184; energy compliance rate on 7 days: 34.7% (8/23) vs. 21.4% (6/28), P = 0.288; total albumin (g): 97.80±46.29 vs. 114.29±52.68, P = 0.086; 28-day survival rate of ICU: 87.0% vs. 78.6%, P = 0.081; duration of IMV (days): 14.33±7.68 vs. 15.68±6.82, P = 0.074; successful rates of weaning from IMV: 69.6% vs. 67.9%, P = 0.895; RSBI after SBT (breaths·min -1·L -1): 26.84±10.69 vs. 33.68±8.94, P = 0.052; serum cholinesterase on 7 days (U/L): 4 289.7 (2 868.0, 7 291.0) vs. 3 762.2 (2 434.0, 6 892.0), P = 0.078]. Conclusion:The development and clinical application of nutrition support information software is helpful for the standardized implementation of the nutritional support treatment process for adult patients with sTBI, which is worthy of further clinical research and promotion.