摘要目的 分析儿童精神分裂症患者由Stroop色词任务诱发的事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERPs) N450的特点,探讨患儿冲突监测的执行功能缺陷.方法采用横断面研究,记录20例儿童精神分裂症患者(精神分裂症组)和20名健康儿童(对照组)执行Stroop色词任务时的事件相关电位,比较2组Stroop任务行为学结果和N450波幅的差异并分析行为学表现与脑电数据的相关性.结果 (1)行为学数据:2组对不一致刺激的反应时均长于一致刺激[F(1.38)=84.24,P＜0.01],在不一致条件下的正确率均低于一致条件[F(1.38)=32.49,P＜0.01];2组之间反应时、正确率的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(2)N450脑电数据:精神分裂症组较对照组N450波幅降低[F(1.38)=7.81,P=0.008],不同半球(左、中、右)电极点与组别之间存在显著交互作用[F(2.76)=3.43,P=0.038].(3)行为学与ERPs相关性:精神分裂症组不一致和一致条件反应时的差值与不一致和一致条件的波幅差值在Fz、FCz点存在正相关(r＞0,P＜0.05),精神分裂症组在Fz、FCz、FC4点错误率与不一致和一致条件的波幅差值存在负相关(r＜0,P＜0.05).结论 儿童精神分裂症患者N450平均波幅降低,其冲突监测功能可能存在缺陷.

abstractsObjective To explore the character of N450 induced by Stroop Color-Word Task in childhood schizophrenia patients,and the implication for their poor executive function in deficit of conflict detection.Methods The event-related potentials from 20 childhood schizophrenia patients and 20 healthy controls were recorded under a Stroop Color-Word Task.The behavior performance,amplitude of N450 induced by Stroop task,and its relationship between were analyzed.Results (1) Behavioral data:Both groups responded to inconsistent stimuli longer than consistent stimuli (F(1.38)=84.24,P＜0.01).The accuracy in two groups under inconsistent conditions was lower than the it under consistent conditions (F(1.38)=32.49,P＜0.01).However,there was no significant difference in main effect between (P＞0.05).(2) ERPs results:Patients presented a reduced N450 lower than the healthy controls (F0.38)=7.81,P=0.008).There was also a significant interaction between the groups and among the hemispheres (left,midline,right) (F(2.76)=3.43,P=0.038).(3) Correlation of behavior performance and ERPs:in patients,the behavioral Stroop effect(RTs incongruent-congruent) was positively correlated with the amplitude difference to incongruent-congruent at the Fz,FCz (r＞0,P＜0.05).The overall Stroop errors in patients correlated negatively with the amplitude difference to incongruent-congruent at Fz,FCz,FC4 (r＜0,P＜0.05).Conclusion The amplitude of N450 is lower in childhood schizophrenia patients,and it might be contributed by their abnormal conflict detection.