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皮肤衰老是机体衰老的表现之一,由于表皮和真皮内细胞结构、功能以及细胞外基质组分的变化所致.微小RNA是一组内源性非编码小分子RNA,研究表明,微小RNA与表皮、真皮的衰老以及紫外线诱导的皮肤衰老相关.在真皮中,微小RNA可以靶向作用于细胞外基质组分和细胞黏附分子,或调控细胞周期、端粒酶活性、细胞内信号通路及氧化应激等影响成纤维细胞的衰老.在表皮中,微小RNA可通过染色质重塑和p63途径参与角质形成细胞的衰老,或靶向作用于转化生长因子β依赖或非依赖的途径影响朗格汉斯细胞的衰老.而在紫外线诱导的皮肤衰老中,微小RNA在组蛋白甲基化、细胞周期调控因子以及转录激活因子等层面参与皮肤衰老过程.此外,有一些微小RNA如微小RNA 125b参与皮肤衰老的机制可能与表皮干细胞相关.

Skin aging,a manifestation of body senescence,is caused by changes of cellular structures and functions,as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the epidermis and dermis.MicroRNAs (miRNAs),a kind of small non-coding endogenous RNA molecule,have been demonstrated to be related to senescence of the epidermis and dermis as well as ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin aging.In the dermis,miRNAs can affect the senescence of fibroblasts by targeting ECM components and cellular adhesion molecules,or by regulating cell cycle,telomerase activity,intracellular signaling pathways,oxidative stress,and so on.In the epidermis,miRNAs play a role in the senescence of keratinocytes through chromatin remodeling and the P63 pathway,and affect the senescence of Langerhans cells by targeting the transforming growth factor-β-dependent/independent pathway.In UV-induced skin aging,miRNAs participate in the process of skin aging via histone methylation,cell cycle regulators,transcriptional activitors,and so on.In addition,some miRNAs such as miR-125b participate in skin aging likely through epidermal stem cells.