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目的 观察氟化物对大鼠甲状腺超微结构的影响.方法 复制大鼠氟中毒模型,将80只SD大鼠按体质量随机分为4组,每组20只.对照组大鼠饮用去离子水,低氟,中氟,高氟组大鼠分别饮用含氟(Fˉ)为1.19×10-3,2.38×10-3,4.76×10-3 mol/L的氟化钠水溶液,实验期为150 d.制备甲状腺组织超薄切片,电镜下观察甲状腺超微结构变化.结果 低氟组大鼠甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞核浓缩,胞浆出现大量空泡,中氟组甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞胞质内出现大面积的电子密度淡化区,线粒体数量减少,高氟组滤泡上皮细胞内部分线粒体明显肿胀,甲状腺滤泡腔胶质过度充盈,电子密度升高,微绒毛明显减少,溶酶体显著增多.中,高氟组均可见滤泡上皮细胞细胞器紊乱,细胞质呈空泡样变,内质网膜破碎,网池增大,核糖体脱落,线粒体肿胀,内外膜不完整,嵴断裂缺失,甚至空泡化.结论 高氟可引起甲状腺超微结构,尤其是生物膜结构严莺损伤.

Objeetive To investigate the effects of fluoride on ultra-structure of thyroid in rats.Methods Eighty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,20 rats in each group.One was control group,the other tree groups were respectively administered 1.19×10-3 mol/L(LF),2.38×10-3 mol/L(MF),and 4.76×10-3 mol/L(HF) of sodium fluoride in drinking water,respectively.The total feeding experiment lasted 1 50 days.Thyroid tissues of rats were collected and ultra-thin sections were made and thyroid ultra-structure wa8 observed under electronic microscope.Results In LF group,nuclear pycnosis and cell vacuolization were observed.In MF group,the electron density decreased,and mitochondria reduced in number.In HF group,some mitochondria were Seen swelling,colloid of thyroid follicles aecumulated,the electronic density in this site increased,microvilli of thyroid endothelial cells decreased significantly,and the amount of lysosome significantly increased.In MF and HF group,organelle disordered,vacuolization in cell endoplasm appeared,membranes of rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER)broke,ribosomes ablated,mitochondria swollen and vacuolated,some cristaes of mitochondria disrupted or disappeared.Conclusion Fluoride can damage the ultra-structure of thyroid,especially the bio-membranes of thyroid cells.