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目的：选择与人类高度相似的大鼠胎盘为研究对象、以血管发育为切入点、经灌胃途径给予妊娠大鼠大、中、小剂量的叶酸干预、选择受精后13.5 d 为时间点，原位、在体观察叶酸对胎盘的作用。方法实验进行时间为2012年9月至2014年1月间，应用免疫细胞化学等技术检测叶酸干预后，胎盘血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、凝血因子Ⅷ（Ⅷ因子）的表达及游离雌三醇（FE3）的水平。结果叶酸可能通过影响细胞增殖正负向调节因素 VEGF 和Ⅷ因子的表达，促进妊娠大鼠胎盘细胞的增殖活性。叶酸还通过提高胎盘的合成功能，促进胎盘的发育。结论一定剂量的叶酸对胎盘组织结构发育及功能发挥起到有益作用。

Objective Choose the rat placenta which are similiar to human beings as the research objects, and choose vascular development as the breakthrough point. Give the rats folic acid through stomach with high dose, medium dose and small dose as intervention. Methods Choose the 13.5 day after fertilization as the time point, observe folic acid on the function of the placenta in situ and in the body. By oral administration of folic acid pregnancy to the rats, to observe the effect of folic acid intervention on placental blood vessels; detect placental VEGF, CD34 expression and FE3 of pregnant rats level. Results The folic could adjust the expression of VEGFand Ⅷ factor positively and negatively with affect cell proliferation, and promote the proliferation activity of the placenta of the pregnancy rats. Folic acid also promote the development of the placenta by improving the synthetic function of placenta. Conclusion Certain dose of folic acid is good for placental tissue structure and function.