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目的：系统评价非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征早期介入治疗的最适时间窗。方法计算机检索PubMed（1985.1～2015.10）、Cochrane图书馆（1975.1～2015.10）、MEDLINE（1980.1～2015.9）、EMbase（1978.1～2015.9），中国生物医学文献数据库（1994.1～2015.9）、中国知网全文数据库（1990.1～2015.11）、万方数据库（1993.1～2015.10），收集介入治疗非ST 段抬高急性冠脉综合征的随机对照试验（RCT）和观察性研究，由两名评价员按照纳入与排除标准进行文献选择、质量评价和资料提取，最终对纳入的研究用RevMan 5.3软件进Meta 分析。结果共纳入7篇文献，其中6个RCT（共计7568例患者），1个观察性研究。Meta 分析结果显示：介入<12 h组与介入在12～24 h组比较，1个月内和长期随访时全因死亡率、致死性或非致死性心肌梗死发生率，以及因心绞痛再入院率两组差异无统计学意义。介入在12～24 h组与介入>24 h组比较，1个月内全因死亡率和长期随访时，两组比较差异无统计学意义[OR=0.99，P=0.96与OR=0.87， P=0.27]，无明显发表偏倚。比较1个月内致死性或非致死性心肌梗死发生率，两组差异无统计学意义[OR=0.71， P=0.20]；长期随访的两组差异有统计学意义[OR=0.75，P=0.02]；两组因心绞痛再入院率，差异有统计学意义[OR=0.76，P=0.01]。结论就目前研究证据而言，对于不稳定型心绞痛和非ST段抬高心肌梗死患者，介入治疗时间窗在12～24 h之间可能相对合理，未来需要更多的临床研究细化介入时间窗。

ObjectiveThis meta-analysis aims to determine the optimal timing of invasive therapy in patients with unstable angina and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction.Methods The following databases are searched,PubMed(1985 to October 2015),The Cochrane Library (January 1975 to October 2015),MEDLINE (January 1980 to September 2015),EMbase (January 1978 to September 2015),CBM (January 1994 to September 2015),CNKI (January 1990 to November 2015),and Wanfang (January 1993 to October 2015).The evaluation of the included studies and data extraction were done by two independent reviewers.Data analyses were performed by using the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.3 software.Results According to including criteria,seven trials were included finally,of which six were RCTs including 7568 patients,and one was observational study.Meta-analyses showed that the incidence of all-cause death,fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction at 1 month or long-term follow-up and rehospitalisation related to angina between two groups(<12 h and 12~24 h) were not statistically significant.Similarly,the incidence of all-cause death at 1 month or long-term follow-up between 12~24 h group and >24 h group were not significant statistically(OR=0.99,P=0.96 andOR=0.87,P=0.27,respectively). There was no publication bias among the included studies in terms of all-cause mortality.The incidence of fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction at 1 month was non-significant(OR=0.71,P=0.20);During the long-term follow-up,the 12~24 h group had a significantly lower incidence of fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction compared to >24 h group.There was also a reduction in rehospitalization related to angina in the 12~24 h group(OR=0.76,P=0.01).Conclusion For patients with UA/NSTEMI,the potential timing of intervention would be 12~24 h.More studies will be needed to determine the optimal timing for patients with unstable angina or non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction.