摘要目的 总结分析股骨转子间骨折内固定治疗失败的原因,初步提出股骨转子间骨折的内固定手术失败风险评估表.方法 回顾性分析2008年4月至2011年4月,四家医院收治的267例接受内固定治疗的股骨转子间骨折患者,分析患者的年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、烟酒史、激素史、骨质疏松程度及骨折分型等因素与内固定失败的相关性.通过手术风险评估表评分,将患者分为手术失败低危风险组、中危风险组和高危风险组,比较各组内固定术后失败率差异是否自统计学意义.结果 接受内固定手术治疗的267例患者中42例患者治疗失败.患者高龄、糖尿病、严重骨质疏松、骨折不稳定等危险因素与内固定失败相关,而患者的性别、高血压、烟酒史、激素应用史等因素与内固定失败无关.糖尿病史、骨质疏松程度、骨折稳定性是患者内固定失败的危险因素(OR分别为3.76,2.37和2.74,P＜0.05).股骨转子间骨折内固定失败患者主要集中在中、高危风险组.结论 严重骨质疏松、不稳定性骨折以及糖尿病均为致股骨转子间骨折手术失败的重要因素.对低危风险组的股骨转子间骨折患者可以首选内固定治疗,而对中危风险组和高危风险组患者建议谨慎选择内固定治疗,对高龄、高危风险组患者必要时可行人工关节置换术.

abstractsObjective To analyze and summarize the risk factors of failed internal fixation for intertrochanteric fracture.Methods From April 2008 to April 2011,267 patients with intertrochanteric fractures in 4 hospitals were treated with internal fixation.The relationship between the failure of internal failure and possible factors as age,gender,hypertension,diabetes,the abuse of alcohol and tobacco,use of glucocorticoid,the degree of osteoporosis and fractures type were studied.According to the surgical risk assessment table,the patients were divided into low-risk,mid-risk,and high-risk group.The rate of internal fixation failure was compared in the 3 groups.Results We found 42 cases which showed radiographic failures.The internal fixation failure directly related with advanced age,diabetes,severe osteoporosis,unstable type fracture,but not gender,hypertension,the abuse of alcohol and tobacco,use of glucocorticoid.Risk factors of internal fixation failure included diabetes,osteoporosis degree,and fracture stability.Failed intertrochanteric fracture fixation mainly occurred in the mid-risk and high-risk groups.Conclusion Severe osteoporosis,unstable fracture,diabetes are risk factors of failure of intertrochanteric fracture fixation.These factors will affect the quality of surgery.For the patient with intertrochanteric fractures in the low-risk groups,internal fixation should be the first choice for treatment.For the patients in the mid-risk and high-risk group,internal fixation should be applied cautiously.For the aged patients in high-risk groups,hip arthroplasty is a wise option.