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目的探讨潜艇长航环境对艇员体内铁、铜、锌、镁代谢的影响及意义。方法将受检艇员分成航行组和未出航组。用法国产J/38S等离子体光谱仪检测艇员血清铁、铜、锌、镁的含量，并对这四种元素进行相互间的独立性相关分析。结果航行组20 d航行后的血清铁为(33.51±2.04)μmol/L，与航前(24.17±2.61)μmol/L和未出航组(25.12±1.46)μmol/L比较，升高有显著性意义(均P＜0.05)；血清铜为(14.58±2.60)μmol/L，与航前(13.90±2.23)μmol/L和未出航组(13.11±3.04)μmol/L比较，均P＞0.05；血清锌为(9.84±2.84)μmol/L，与航前(17.43±3.75)μmol/L和未出航组(17.11±2.42)μmol/L比较，均P＜0.01；血清镁为(0.817±0.099)mmol/L，与航前(1.151±0.222)mmol/L和未出航组(1.154±0.091)mmol/L比较，均P＜0.05。此外，航行组艇员血清中4种元素变化值间的相关分析显示，铁-铜呈正相关(r＝0.6077，P＜0.05)；铁-锌、铜-锌、铜-镁呈负相关(r＝－0．3986，－0．8094，r＝-0.4884，P值分别＜0.05，＜0.01，＜0.05)；铁-镁、锌-镁则相关不显著(r＝-0．1899－0．1739，P均＞0.05。结论本调查结果提示，潜艇长航作为一种水下密闭的特殊航行环境，对艇员某些元素代谢有不容忽视的影响。为此，应进一步加强监控方法和调节手段，特别是膳食营养的研究，藉以纠正其负面影响。进行多种矿物质及微量元素的综合研究时，有必要注意其相互间的关联性问题。

Objective　To study the influence and significance of long-distance voyage in a submarine on the metabolism of iron, copper, zine and magnesium in the submariners.Methods　The investigated submariners were (1) voyage group(the members of this group attended a twenty day long-distance voyage) and (2) non-voyage group (the members of this group did not attended the voyage). Serum samples were collected from all members of these two groups and the contents of four elements (iron, copper, zinc and magnesium) were determined by using a J/38S plasma spectrograph (made in France). Meanwhile, independent correlation analyses were performed for the changes of these elements. Results　The contents of the four elements of the after voyage group, the pre-voyage group and the non-voyage group were as follows respectively: iron(33.51±2.04)，(24.17±2.61) and (25.12±1.46)μmol/L， copper(14.58±2.60),(13.90±2.23) and (13.11±3.04)μmol/L， zinc(9.84±2.84),(17.43±3.75) and (17.11±2.42)μmol/L， magnesium(0.817±0.099),(1.151±0.222) and (1.154±0.091)mmol/L. When compared with that of both the pre-voyage group and the non-voyage group, the content of iron of the after-voyage group was obviously increased (P＜0.05), the content of copper was not significantly changed (P＞0.05), the content of zinc was decreased markedly (P＜0.01) as well as the content of magensium (P＜0.05). Independent correlation analyses among these four elements showed that there were positive correlation between iron and copper (r＝0．6077　P＜0.05);there were negative correlation between iron and zinc (r＝-0.3986　P＜0.05), between copper and zinc (r＝-0.8094　P＜0.01), and between copper and magnesium (r＝－0．4884，P＜0.05). There were no significant correlation between iron and magnesium (r＝-0.1899　P＞0.05) and between zinc and magnesium (r＝-0.1739　P＞0.05). Conclusions　Long-distance voyage in a submarine had notable influence on the contents of some elements in the submariners. Therefore attentions should be paid for the regulation of the balances of some elements in the submariners during long-distance voyage. It is also important to take notice of the interrelation of some elements when doing combined study of them.