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目的 探讨海岛驻守军人负性自动思维的特点并分析其相关影响因素.方法 采用自动思维量表、领悟社会支持量表及社会应激量表分别对海岛和陆上军人进行测评,分析负性自动思维与社会支持和心理应激的相关关系.结果 海岛驻守军人负性自动思维、社会支持以及心理应激的阳性检出率均高于陆地军人(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),应激和自动思维总分高于陆地组,领悟社会支持得分低于陆地组(P＜0.05).2组士官和军官之间各量表总分差异显著(P＜0.05),士兵仅在家庭外支持和应激得分具有差异性.海岛士官和军官家庭内支持和社会支持总分均低于士兵,自动思维得分高于士兵(P＜0.05).Pearson相关分析结果显示,海岛组军人负性自动思维与应激呈正相关(r=0.292,P＜0.05),与领悟社会支持总分和各维度之间呈负相关(r=-0.540 ～-0.672,P＜0.05);回归分析结果显示,领悟社会支持在心理应激和负性自动思维之间起部分中介效应,占总效应的30.9％.结论 海岛驻守官兵负性自动思维状况不容乐观,其影响因素包括心理应激及低效性社会支持,心理应激可直接或通过中介作用影响守岛官兵的负性自动思维;积极有效的家庭和社会支持、合理的心理疏导和心理训练有助于缓减驻岛守卫军人的负性思维,促进身心健康.

Objective To investigate the features of negative automatic thinking among military personnel stationed on the island and also to analyze related influencial factors.Methods Assessment was performed among the military personnel stationed on the island and ashore by using automatic thinking scale,perceived social support scale and social stress scale,then,the relationship between negative automatic thinking and perceived social support and psychological stress was analyzed in the study.Results The detection rates of automatic thinking,perceived social support and psychological stress among the military personnel stationed on the island were all obviously higher than those of the military personnel working ashore.(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The total scores of automatic thinking and stress in the military personnel working on the island were all higher than those of the people working ashore (P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in total scores of various scales,when comparisons were made between commissioned officers of the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Differences could only be seen in external family support and stress scores among commissioned officers.Total scores of internal family support and perceived social support of commissioned officers were all lower than those of the non-commissioned officers,but the scores of automatic thinking were higher than those of the non-commissioned officers (P ＜ 0.05).Pearson analysis showed that negative automatic thinking was positively correlated with psychological stress (r =0.292,P ＜ 0.05),however the scores of perceived social support were negatively correlated with the scores of various dimensions (r =-0.540 -0.672,P ＜ 0.05).Stepwise regression analysis indicated that perceived social support partially mediated the relationship between psychological stress and negative automatic thinking,and the mediating effect accounted for 30.9％ of the total effect.Conclusion Negative automatic thinking among the military personnel stationed on the island was on the whole not optimistic,and its influential factors included psychological stress and low social support.Psychological stress could affect negative automatic thinking of the military personnel stationed on the island directly or indirectly by mediating effect.Active and effective family and social support,rational psychological counseling and training were beneficial to the alleviation of negative thinking and the improvement of the physical and mental health of the military personnel stationed on the island.