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目的 了解社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者社会人口学特征、行为学特征、行为认知(KABP)水平及其影响因素.方法 整群抽取铜山县房村和马坡2个社区2007年现患COPD患者.采取人户面对面调查的方式对392例COPD患者进行问卷调查,用t检验、方差分析、多元线性回归等方法对COPD患者的行为学特征与行为认知水平进行分析.结果 COPD患者以60～80岁老年人为主,平均(63±15)岁.COPD患者的主动吸烟率和被动吸烟率(指不吸烟人群)分别为49.5%、35.9%,男女患者吸烟率差异有统计学意义(X2=101.365,P＜0.05);患者戒烟率为62.9%,原因多为患COPD;31.9%的患者有30年行炊史;经常参加体育锻炼的患者达到24.2%,经常参加康复锻炼的仪有8.9%.COPD患者行为认知平均得分为(38±8)分;患者对COPD知识的r解程度比较低,但大部分患者对自己的疾病比较关心.单因素和多因素分析结果表明,患者行为认知的主要影响因素是文化水平、家人态度、经济收入、性别和离医疗网点的距离.结论 社区COPD患者吸烟率高、行炊史长,应主动对该类危险行为进行干预;患者行为认知状况较差,需要加强COPD预防、治疗及康复等相关知识的健康教育.

Objective To know social and demographic characteristics,behavioral characteristics,as well as knowledge-attitude-belief-practice(KABP) and its influential factors of rural community chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(COPD) patients. Methods Cluster sampling all COPD patients of fangcun and mape township of tongshan county in 2007. A face-to-face interview was performed to investigate the COPD patients in their home,and t test,one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the behavioral characteristics and K.ABE Results The main Patients were old person aged 60-80,with mean of(63 ± 15)years old. The active and passive smoking rate were 49.5% and 35.9%,respectively,and very significance between male and female Patients (X2 = 101. 365,P＜ 0. 05). 62. 9%abstained from smoking mainly owing to having COPD. About 31.9% of the patients had used the firewood and coal to cook for longer than 30 years. 24. 2% often built their body by exercise; however,only 8. 9%participated in convalescence. The mean KABP score of Patients was (38 ± 8). The Patients have lower knowledge to COPD, but give much more concerns to their own diseases. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that the main influential factors of COPD patients KABP were education, family attitude, income,sex and the distance between their homes and health stations. Conclusions Community COPD patients have high smoking rate,long firewood and coal cooking history,so active interventions should be took to those risk factors. KABP level of the COPD patients was not good, more health instructions including prevention,treatment and convalescing of COPD need to be gave to COPD patients.