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目的 探讨阴道超声在健康体检中的应用.方法 8869例女性健康体检者按年龄分为三组,老年组(年龄≥56岁,1406例),中年组(36～55岁,4801例),青年组(≤35岁,2662例),采用阴道超声的方式检查子宫和附件,对其结果进行分析.结果 (1)8869例体检者中共检出患者4207例,检出率47.44%,检出的前5种疾病是子宫肌瘤25.76%(2285例)、宫颈那勃囊肿12.69%(1126例)、附件囊肿3.65%(324例)、卵巢巧克力囊肿1.47%(131例)、子宫肌腺症1.45%(129例),上述疾病与榆出的其他妇科疾病比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(2)老、中、青3个年龄组疾病检出率分别为25.39%、64.42%、28.44%.(3)前5种疾病检出率在各年龄组之间比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).其中,中、老年组子宫肌瘤检查率(分别为37.12%和18.78%)明显高于青年组(8.98%,均P＜0.05);青、中年组宫颈那勃囊肿、附件囊肿、卵巢巧克力囊肿的检出率明显高于老年组(均P＜0.05).结论 阴道超声检查具有无创、简便、价廉、可重复等优点,在妇科体检中具有较高的应用价值.

Objective To discuss the use of transvaginal sonography in gynecologic examination. Methods A total of 8869 female subjects were assigned to the aged group ( ≥ 56 years old,n = 1406 ), middle group ( 36-55 years old, n = 4801 ), and young group ( ≤ 35 years old, n = 2662 ).Transvaginal sonography was used for uterus and adnexa scanning in these participants, and the results were analyzed. Results Of 4207 ( 47.44% ) detected patients,uterine leiomyoma ( n = 2285, 25.76% ),Nabothian cyst (n = 1126,12. 69% ) ,adnexal cyst (n = 324,3.65%) ,ovarian endometrial cyst (n = 131,1.47% ) .and adenomvos ( n = 129.1.45% ) were the most commonly seen gynecopathy. For the aged,middle, and young group, the gynecopathy detection rate was 25.39%, 64.42%, or 28.44%,respectively. The detection rates of those five diseases were significantly different among the three groups (P<O. 05). For instance, the detection rate of uterine leiomyoma in the aged (37. 12% ) or middle ( 18. 78% ) group was significantly higher than the young group( 8. 98% ; both P < 0. 05 ) ; while the detection rates of Nabothian cyst, adnexal cyst, and ovarian endometrial cyst in the young or middle group were sitnificantly higher than the aged group(all P<0.05).Conclusions As a non-invasive test,transvaginal sonography could be easily used in gynecologic examination.