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目的 探讨我国成年人糖尿病发病风险评估方法在人群中的应用及效果.方法 用我国成年人糖尿病发病风险评估工具对基线调查时未患糖尿病的639名研究对象进行风险评估,并提供风险评估结果、存在的主要危险因素以及改善建议的评估报告,个体按照评估报告进行自我健康管理.随访1年后,再次进行风险评估,分析随访前后发病风险和危险因素的变化情况.连续性变量资料的比较采用非参数检验；率的比较用x2检验.用我国成年人糖尿病发病风险评估方法的风险分值与糖尿病诊断标准诊断的是否患糖尿病绘制ROC曲线,计算灵敏度、特异度.结果 随访1年后,糖尿病年发病率为1.4％,均为基线调查时筛检高危者.随访后与随访前相比,高危者的比例差异无统计学意义(分别为:56.8％和57.9％)(x2=0.36,P＞0.05),但高危者的平均风险分值明显降低(分别为:2.25,2.91)(Z=-4.32,P＜0.05)；高危者腰围过大、高胆固醇、低高密度脂蛋白血症的异常率分别为76.2％、36.2％、3.8％,均低于随访前的87.3％ 、42.2％、12.4％(x2值分别为:30.56、6.05、22.26,P值均＜0.05),高血压异常率为23.5％高于随访前的18.1％(x2=11.11,P＜0.05).结论 借助我国成年人糖尿病发病风险评估方法进行自我健康管理,在一定程度上能降低高危者的发病风险,控制危险因素的进展,预防或延缓糖尿病的发生.

Objective To evaluate the use and effectiveness of Human-Computer Interaction (HC1) -based risk prediction of diabetes among Chinese adults.Methods HCI-based risk prediction of diabetes was performed in 639 non-diabetics aged 23 to 61years old.Risk prediction results,main risk factors of diabetes and helpful suggestions were reported and used for self-management.After l-year follow-up,the participants received another assessment to find the changes of disease risk and risk factors.Non-parametric or Chi-square test was used for comparison of continuous or categorical variables,respectively.Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of HCI.Results After1-year follow-up,the incidence of diabetes per year was1.4％,and all newly diagnosed diabetes was found in high-risk individuals.The proportion of high-risk individuals was 56.8％ and 57.9％before and after follow-up ( x2 =0.36,P ＞ 0.05 ).In comparison with baseline,average risk score of high-risk individuals was significantly declined ( 2.25 vs 2.91,Z =- 4.32,P ＜ 0.05 ).Oversized waist circumstance,higher total cholesterol (TC) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was identified in 76.2％,36.2％ and 3.8％ of high risk individuals at1year,lower than those of baseline ( 87.3％,42.2％ and12.4％,respectively ; x2 values were 30.56,6.05 and 22.26,respectively; all P ＜0.05) ; although the prevalence of hypertension was higher (23.5％ vs18.1％,x2 =11.11,P＜0.05).Conclusions HCI and effective control of risk factors could prevent the development of diabetes in high risk individuals.