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目的 探讨行政干预对医务人员戒烟的效果,论证该方式应用的可行性和有效性.方法 根据山东省潍坊市县级综合医院开展的医务人员吸烟行为调查资料,选取具有可比性的2家医院.一家医务人员吸烟者136名,作为干预组;另一家医务人员吸烟者127名作为对照组.干预组实施行政干预和健康教育,对照组只实施健康教育.干预时间10个月,分别在干预前后进行问卷调查,评价干预后两组现在吸烟率、戒烟意愿、愿意接受戒烟帮助及戒烟成功的比例.计数资料采用百分率进行描述,两组之间率的比较采用x2检验.结果 干预后干预组现在吸烟率(37.4％)低于对照组(77.2％),两组比较差异有统计学意义(x2=40.99,P＜0.01);干预组吸烟者处于戒烟准备期的比例(51.1％)高于对照组(46.18％),差异有统计学意义(x2=46.18,P＜0.01);干预组愿意接受家人、同事帮助和戒烟辅导的比例(分别为28.2％、16.8％、19.1％)高于对照组(分别为12.2％、6.5％、7.3％),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(x2=10.04、7.73、7.58,P均＜0.01);但接受戒烟药物的比例(干预组4.6％、对照组4.9％)没有明显变化(x2=0.16,P＞0.05);对照组自我意愿戒烟的比例69.1％,干预组31.1％,对照组高于干预组(x2=36.27,P＜0.01);经过10个月的干预后,干预组成功戒烟61人,成功戒烟率46.6％;对照组成功戒烟13人,成功戒烟率10.6％,两组比较差异有统计学意义(x2=28.21,P＜0.01).结论 行政干预在医院开展戒烟活动中的应用具有可行性和有效性.

Objective To investigate the effect of the administrative intervention on smoking cessation of medical personnel and demonstrate the feasibility and the validity of this approach.Methods Two comparable hospitals were selected,one hospital with 136 smoking medical staff members was used as the intervention group;the other hospital which had 127 smoking medical staff members was used as the control group.We applied administrative intervention and health education to the intervention group and health education only to the control group.The intervention time was 10 months,we used the questionnaire survey before and after intervening to evaluate the smoking rate,the intention to quit smoking,the willingmess to accept the help of quitting and the proportion of those who quitted smoking.Results The smoking rate of intervention group (37.4％) was lower than that of control group (77.2％),the difference was statistically significant (x2=40.99,P＜0.01).The proportion of control group smokers in planning(51.1％) is statistically significant as compared with intervention group (46.18％) (x2=46.18,P＜0.01).The proportion of people who were willing to accept the help from families and friends and smoking cessation counseling in intervention group was significanly higher than that in the control group.(x2=10.04,x2=7.73,x2=7.58;P＜ 0.01).But the proportion of accepting the medicine for quitting smoking was not significantly different (x2=0.16,P＞0.05).The proportion of smokers who wanted to quit smoking on their own willingness in control group was significantly higher than that in intervention group (x2=36.27,P＜0.01).After10 months,61 people (46.6％) in the intervention group succeeded in quitting smoking and 13 (10.6％) people in control group succeeded (x2=28.21,P＜0.01).Conclusion Administrative intervention has feasibility and validity when hospitals take activities for smoking cessation.