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目的分析2009—2014年嘉兴市居民主要死亡原因、居民死亡模式及其动态变化，为卫生决策、疾病预防控制及医学科学研究提供重要的参考依据。方法依据国际疾病分类ICD-10进行分类，分析浙江省慢性病监测信息管理系统死亡监测网络直报2009—2014年嘉兴市居民死亡数据；采用死亡率、构成比、潜在减寿损失年数（PYLL）、平均减寿年数（AYLL）、减寿率（PYLL‰）等分析指标。结果嘉兴市居民全死因平均死亡率为691.92/10万，其中男性死亡率760.73/10万，女性死亡率624.64/10万，男性高于女性（χ2=455.52，P<0.01）。居民前5位死因依次为肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、脑血管病、损伤与中毒、心脏病，占全死因的87.95%；其中肿瘤死亡率为189.53/10万，占前5位死因的31.90%，男性高于女性（χ2=3767.70，P<0.01)。肿瘤造成潜在寿命损失最大，达38368年，平均减寿年数最高的是损伤与中毒，达9.58年。结论居民死亡率趋势由上升转向下降；肿瘤死亡率呈逐年上升趋势，肿瘤、心血管等慢性病、意外跌落及机动车辆交通事故、肺炎是影响居民健康的主要疾病，应重点防控。

Objective To learn the change of causes sequences, the pattern and dynamic trend of causes of death for the inhabitants in Jiaxing from 2009 to 2014, and to provide a major reference for health decisions and disease control and prevention. Method This study was based on chronic disease surveillance information management data in Zhejiang province from 2009 to 2014. ICD-10 criteria and method was used to classify the causes of death. To evaluate health status of those residents, the relative health indicators such as mortality rate, constituent ratio, PYLL, AYLL, PYLL‰were used. Results The average mortality rate of residents was 691.92/100 000 of Jiaxing from 2009 to 2014, with male 760.73/100 000 and female 624.64/100 000 (the average mortality rate of male was significantly higher than that of female, χ2=455.52, P<0.01). The top five causes of death of local residents were malignant neoplasm, respiratory system diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, injury and poisoning, heart diseases, which accounted for 87.95%of all deaths. The mortality caused by malignant neoplasm was 189.53/100 000, which accounted for 31.90% of five main death causes (the rate of male was significantly higher than that of female, χ2=3767.70, P<0.01). The PYLL of malignant neoplasm were 38 368 years, which was the main reason. The AYLL of injury and poisoning were 9.58 years. Conclusion The average mortality rate of residents has been declining across the Jiaxing, but the mortality rate of malignant neoplasm is increasing year by year. The data suggested that malignant neoplasm, cardiovascular disease, unintentional falls, motor vehicle traffic accidents and pneumonia are major factors affecting the health of the population.