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目的 分析学龄前儿童超重肥胖的早期危险因素.方法 采用分层整群抽样,现况收集新疆乌鲁木齐市高新区1 335名学龄前儿童的体检资料,其中超重肥胖儿童153名,非超重肥胖儿童1 182名.回顾性收集超重肥胖组与非超重肥胖组母亲孕期基本资料及新生儿出生基本资料,进行单因素与非条件多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 乌鲁木齐市高新区学龄前儿童超重肥胖率为11.5％.非条件多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示儿童年龄(OR=1.31,95％CI:1.07～1.61)、母亲孕前体质指数(OR=1.11,95％CI:1.06～1.17)以及母亲是否患有妊娠期高血压(OR=1.99,95％CI:1.03～3.85)是学龄前儿童超重肥胖的危险因素(JP值均＜0.05).结论 乌鲁木齐市高新区学龄前儿童超重肥胖率较高;母亲孕前体质指数较高以及患有妊娠期高血压可增加儿童超重肥胖的风险,学龄前儿童年龄增长也会增加儿童超重肥胖的风险.

Objective To analyze the early risk factors of overweight and obesity in preschool children.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling,the data of 1 335 preschool children's physical examination in High-tech Zone,Urumqi,Xinjiang were collected,and the case group had 153 overweight and obese children,the control group had 1 182 non-overweight and obese children;a case-control study was conducted.The basic data of mothers and the basic data of neonatal birth were analyzed retrospectively.The univariate and unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschool children in High-tech Zone in Urumqi was 11.5％.Non-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that children's age (OR=1.31,95％ CI:1.07-1.61),mother's pre-pregnancy BMI (OR=1.11 95 ％,CI:1.06-1.17) and whether mothers had gestational hypertension (OR=1.99 95％,CI:1.03-3.85) were the risk factors for overweight and obesity in preschool children (P＜0.05).Conclusion In Urumqi high school district preschool children's overweight and obesity rate was high;mothers with high BMI before pregnancy,and those with high blood pressure during pregnancy can increase the risk of overweight and obesity in children,preschool children's increased age may increase the risk of overweight and obesity in children.