检索历史 清除

目的 了解中国60岁以上老年人社会支持状况及影响因素,为制定针对性的保健服务措施提供参考依据.方法 检索中国期刊全文数据库、维普数据库、万方数据库、Pubmed和Web ofScience等中英文数据库,收集公开发表的老年人社会支持的相关文献.由异质性检验结果(I2＞50％)选择随机效应模型对纳入文献所提取的数据进行Meta合并分析.结果 共纳入分析文献32篇,累积研究对象21 763人.老年人社会支持总分为34.047 (95％CI:32.532～35.563)、主观支持19.218(95％CI:17.589～20.846)、客观支持7.787 (95％CI:7.483～8.091)、支持利用度7.075 (95％CI:6.884～7.266),社会支持总分及各维度得分相对较低;高年龄组(80岁以上:30.907,95％CI:28.378～33.436)、老年女性(32.512,95％CI:30.723～34.300)、低文化程度(文盲:32.088,95％CI:30.944～33.231;小学32.709,95％CI:30.069～35.349)、农村(33.780,95％CI:31.523～36.038)、空巢(32.301,95％CI:27.061～37.542)和不完整婚姻(未婚:27.044,95％CI:24.652～29.437;离异:29.159,95％CI:24.520～33.791)的老年人相比其他亚组社会支持得分较低.结论 老年人社会支持现状不容乐观,总体及各维度得分均较低,且不同特征老年人的社会支持存在明显差异,应针对不同特点,给予重点保健干预措施.

Objective To understand the current status of social support among the elderly,aged ≥60 years,as well as to identify influencing factors and to provide a reference for relevant health care services.Methods Publications about social support of the elderly were collected by searching the database of CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data,Pubmed,and Web of Science.A random effects model was employed according to the results of heterogeneity (I2＞50％) to pool the extracted data.Results Thirty-two articles were included,with a total sample of 21 763 articles.Total scores of social support and three dimensions were low,with social support of 34.047 (95％CI:32.532-35.563),subjective support of 19.218 (95％CI:17.589-20.846),objective support of 7.787 (95％CI:7.483-8.091),and support utilization of 7.075 (95％CI:6.884-7.266).Scores of elderly with character of high age (aged 80:30.907,95％CI:28.378-33.436),female (32.512,95％CI:30.723-34.300),low education (illiteracy:32.088,95％CI:30.944-33.231;primary school:32.709,95％CI:30.069-35.349),country side (33.780,95％CI:31.523-36.038),empty nest (32.301,95％CI:27.061-37.542) and incomplete marriage (discoverture:27.044,95％CI:24.652-29.437;divorced:29.159,95％CI:24.520-33.791) was lower than the others.Conclusions The current status of social support is not optimistic.Scores of social support and its dimensions were relatively low,and a significant difference was found between elderly of different character,indicating that health interventions should be implemented based on character.