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目的 比较儿童、少年强迫症患者与成人强迫症患者的临床特点,了解儿童、少年强迫症患者的临床特点.方法 选取90例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第5版(DSM-V)中强迫症的诊断标准的强迫症患者,其中年龄7～17岁的患者45例(儿少组),年龄18～45岁的患者45例(成人组),两组采用耶鲁-布朗强迫量表(Y-BOCS)、艾森克个性量表(EPQ)、90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)评定患者的强迫症的表现形式、伴发的精神症状特点及个性特征,并对两组的临床特点进行比较.结果 ①在强迫症的表现形式上,儿少组的强迫行为分值高于成人组(t=1.143,P<0.05).②在伴发的精神症状特点上,儿少组的人际关系敏感、敌对、恐怖这三个因子分高于成人组(t=1.414、2.189、2.425,P<0.05).③在个性特点上,儿少组的精神质、神经质、掩饰度维度分值高于成人组,内外向维度分值低于成人组,但整体上两组各维度间分值比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 儿少期的强迫症患者以强迫行为为主要临床表现,他们的心理更加敏感、敌对,情绪不稳定.临床医师对儿少期的强迫症患者更应该早期进行心理与行为干预.

Objective To compare the clinical features of children , adolescents and adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD) , understand the clinical characteristics of children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder were further understood .Methods Ninety cases of obsessive-com-pulsive disorder were selected in accordance with the diagnostic criteria of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the fifth edition of the American psychiatric disorder diagnosis and Statistics Manual ( DSM-V) , inclu-ding 45 patients aged 7 to 17 years old ( juvenile group ) , a total of 45 patients aged 18 to 45 years old were enrolled(adult group).The Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (Y-BOCS), Eysenck personali-ty checklist ( EPQ ) , symptoms checklist 90 ( SCL-90 ) was used to compare their disease performance , personality characteristics and comorbid mental symptoms characteristic .Results ①In the form of OCD, the compulsive behavior of juvenile group was higher than that of the adult group (t=1.143, P<0.05 ) .②In the characteristics of psychiatric symptoms associated with adolescent , interpersonal sensi-tivity, hostility, the three factor scores of the juvenile group were higher than those of the adult group (t=1.414, 2.189, 2.425, P<0.05) ③In the personality characteristics,the juvenile group got higher score in mental dimension , neurotic dimension and coverability dimension than the adult group ,but inter-nal and external dimension were lower than those of the adult group .However , the overall score of each dimension had no significant differences between the two groups ( P>0.05 ) .Conclusions The com-pulsive behavior is the main clinical manifestation in juvenile obsessive-compulsive disorder .Their psy-chology is more sensitive , hostile , and emotionally unstable .The clinicians should be more likely to in-tervene in the early stages of their psychological and behavioral interventions .