检索历史 清除

目的 分析2011-2015年中国麻风病流行病学特征,为制定防治策略提供依据.方法 对2011-2015年收集的全国麻风病监测资料进行流行病学和趋势分析.结果 中国麻风病发现率从2011年的0.085/10万下降至2015年的0.049/10万,年均下降12.9％.2011-2015年新发现麻风病例4 775例,其中儿童、女性、流动人口、多菌型和2级残疾病例分别占新发现病例总数的2.2％(106例)、31.4％(1 499例)、10.8％(518例)、84.6％(4 041例)和23.7％(1 134例).2011-2015年全国发现复发病例328例,其中联合化疗后复发病例占复发病例总数的46.6％(153例).患病率从2011年的0.407/10万下降至2015年的0.235/10万,年均下降12.9％.2015年底,全国尚有现症麻风病例3 230例,麻风病患病率＞ 1/10万的县(市、区)为124个.结论 2011-2015年,全国麻风病发现率和患病率持续下降,高流行省份为云南、贵州、四川、广东,中低流行省份的麻风病控制工作也不容忽视.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of leprosy in China from 2011 to 2015,and to provide scientific evidences for prevention and treatment strategies.Methods An epidemiological analysis and a trend analysis were conducted based on the national leprosy surveillance data from 2011 to 2015.Results The leprosy detection rate in China decreased from 0.085 per 100 000 in 2011 to 0.049 per 100 000 in 2015,with an average annual decline rate being 12.9％.A total of 4 775 leprosy cases were newly detected during 2011-2015,including 106 (2.2％) children,1 499 (31.4％) females,518 (10.8％) floating people,4 041 (84.6％) multibacillary cases and 1 134 (23.7％) cases with grade 2 disabilities.From 2011 to 2015,328 relapsed cases were reported,including 153 (46.6％) cases recurring after combined chemotherapy.The prevalence rate of leprosy in China decreased from 0.407 per 100 000 in 2011 to 0.235 per 100 000 in 2015,with an average annual decline rate being 12.9％.By the end of 2015,there had been 3 230 registered leprosy cases and 124 counties with a prevalence rate above 1 per 100 000.Conclusions The detection rate and prevalence rate of leprosy in China were both decreasing continuously from 2011 to 2015.The high-epidemic provinces were Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan and Guangdong.However,leprosy control in middle-and low-epidemic provinces can not be ignored.