摘要目的：探讨广州地区0~5岁支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)儿童8种常见食物变应原血清特异性IgE(sIgE)阳性率及不同阳性级别的分布情况。方法入选小儿呼吸门诊0~5岁持续性哮喘儿童584例,采用德国 FOOKE ALLERGY-O-LIQ 变应原检测系统,通过酶联免疫捕获法测定血清牛奶、全蛋、花生、小麦、玉米、大豆、螃蟹和虾共8种食物变原的 sIgE 水平。对可疑的过敏食物结合饮食回避试验进行食物过敏确诊。结果584例哮喘儿童中至少一种食物变应原 sIgE 阳性的比率为55.8%(326/584), sIgE 阳性率从高到低依次为牛奶47.1%(275/584)、全蛋28.6%(167/584)、小麦粉6.2%(36/584)、花生5.0%(29/584)、大豆2.2%(13/584)、虾1.4%(8/584)、玉米粉1.2%(7/584)和螃蟹0.9%(5/584)。各年龄 sIgE 阳性率排在前2位的均是牛奶和全蛋,牛奶、全蛋和花生 sIgE 的阳性率在各年龄间差异具有统计学意义(χ2=20.038、12.248和10.842,P <0.05)。至少一种变应原 sIgE 为3级以上的患儿比率为18.7%(109/584)。67例(11.5%)最后诊断为食物过敏,其中63例 sIgE 水平在3级以上。结论广州地区0~5岁哮喘儿童常见食物变应原 sIgE 阳性率高达55.8%,牛奶和全蛋是各年龄最主要的两种食物变应原。11.5%的患儿诊断为有临床症状的食物过敏,其 sIgE 大多为3级以上。

abstractsObjective To evaluate the positive rates and the distribution of specific serum IgE (sIgE)levels against 8 food allergens in persistent asthmatic children aged 0~5 years in Guangzhou area. Methods Five hundred and eighty-four cases were included in this study from pediatric out-patient department.Serum-specific IgE levels to 8 common food allergens including cow′s milk,egg,peanut, wheat,corn,soybean,crab and shrimp was measured using enzymes immune sobent capture medthod by ALLERG-O-LIQ system.A trial of avoidance diet was performed in children with suspected food allergy. Results 55.8% (326/584)of the children had positive sIgE to at least one food allergen.The positive rates of the 8 food allergens were cow′s milk (47.1%,275/584),egg (28.6%,1 67/584),wheat flour (6.2%,36/584),peanut (5.0%,29/584),soybean (2.2%,13/584),shrimp (1.4%,8/584),corn flour (1.2%,7/584)and crab (0.9%,5/584).The top two in different ages children were all cow′s milk and egg,and the sIgE positive rates of milk,egg and peanut were significantly different among the five age groups,respectively (χ2 = 20.038,12.248 and 10.842,P < 0.05 ).The percentages of high level sIgE above grade 3 to at least one food was 18.7% (109/584).Sixty-seven (1 1.5%)asthmatic children were diagnosed symptomatic food allergy,of them 63 cases showed high level sIgE.Conclusions The sIgE positive rate of 0 ~ 5 years asthmatic children to 8 common food allergens was high up to 55.8% in Guangzhou area.Cow′s milk and egg are the two important allergens in different ages.1 1.5% asthmatic children were diagnosed symptomatic food allergy,most of them showed high level sIgE above grade 3.