摘要儿童气管支气管软化是临床比较罕见且棘手的儿童呼吸道疾病，植入气道支架则可有效地缓解病情进展。目前硅酮、金属材质的气道支架已经广泛地应用于成人气道狭窄疾病的治疗，并取得了良好的成效。近些年3D打印技术和组织工程学相结合，个性化设计的可降解支架也逐步进入人们视野，成为更有发展潜力的气道支架。但是儿童气道口径小，随着年龄逐渐增大，解剖和生理特性与成人不同，因此儿童气道支架的选择有着与成人不同的特点。目前国内学者对于在儿童体内植入气道支架经验认识也尚且不足。本综述就国内外应用较为广泛的治疗儿童气管支气管软化的支架优缺点和未来发展方向进行阐述。

abstractsTracheobronchomalacia is a clinically rare and difficult childhood respiratory disease, and the implantation of an airway stent can effectively alleviate the progression of the disease.At present, airway stents made of silicone and metal have been widely and successfully used in the treatment of airway stenosis in adults.In recent years, with the combination of 3D printing technology and tissue engineering, customized designed biodegradable stents have gradually got attention and become potential airway stents.However, the diameter of airway caliber of children is small and gradually increases with the age, and the anatomical and physiological characteristics of children are different from those of adults.Therefore, the application standard of children′s airway stent has different characteristics compared with adults.At present, domestic scientists have insufficient experience and knowledge of implanting airway stents in children.This review describes the advantages and disadvantages of the stents used to treat pediatric tracheobronchomalacia and profiles the direction of the future development.