摘要类风湿关节炎是一种自身免疫性疾病，具体发病机制不明。辅助性T细胞(helper T cells, Th)17/调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells, Treg)平衡在类风湿关节炎发病中的作用越来越受到重视。Th17细胞及其分泌的细胞因子具有促炎作用，Treg细胞及其分泌的细胞因子具有抑炎作用。Th17细胞增多、Treg细胞减少能够导致关节软骨和骨质的破坏，引发类风湿关节炎；而调节Th17/Treg细胞平衡能治疗类风湿关节炎。文章就Th17/Treg细胞平衡在类风湿关节炎发病中的作用作一综述。

abstractsRheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease with unknown pathogenesis. The role of helper T cells(Th)17/regulatory T cells(Treg) cell balance in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis has received more and more attention. Th17 and their secreted cytokines have pro-inflammatory effects, and Treg and their secreted cytokines have anti-inflammatory effects. The increase of Th17 and the decrease of Treg can lead to the destruction of articular cartilage and bone, causing rheumatoid arthritis; while regulating the balance of Th17/Treg can treat rheumatoid arthritis. The role of Th17/Treg cell balance in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis was reviewed.