摘要血管性认知损害（vascular cognitive impairment, VCI）是指由脑血管病变及其危险因素导致的认知损害综合征，涵盖了从轻度认知损害到血管性痴呆的所有认知损害谱，是继阿尔兹海默病（Alzheimer's disease, AD）后的第二大痴呆原因。VCI的临床表现常与AD等神经系统疾病相重叠，且其神经病理学改变存在异质性，在临床诊疗方面缺乏特异性，从而延误了疾病治疗的最佳时机。近年来，随着基于多模态MRI的脑结构-功能耦合分析方法的不断发展，全面揭示了脑结构与功能之间的相关性，有助于探索VCI的病理生理学机制。文章对近年来多模态MRI在VCI中的应用（包括基于多模态MRI的脑结构-功能耦合研究）的研究进展进行了综述。

abstractsVascular cognitive impairment (VCI) refers to a cognitive impairment syndrome caused by cerebrovascular disease and its risk factors, and encompasses a spectrum from mild cognitive impairment to vascular dementia. It is the second leading cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD). The clinical manifestations of VCI often overlap with neurological diseases such as AD, and its neuropathological changes are heterogeneous, lacking specificity in clinical diagnosis and treatment, thus delaying the optimal timing of treatment. In recent years, with the continuous development of brain structure-function coupling analysis methods based on multimodal MRI, the correlation between brain structure and function has been comprehensively revealed, which is helpful for exploring the pathological and physiological mechanisms of VCI. This article reviews the research progress on the application of multimodal MRI in VCI in recent years, including the study of brain structure function-coupling based on multimodal MRI.