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梅毒与HIV感染呈现特定人群聚集和共同增长的流行病学特点.近年来,二者的相互影响逐渐受到关注.梅毒可通过多种机制促进HIV的传播,与HIV的耐药变异及一过性的病毒载量增长可能存在相关性,但并未显著恶化HIV感染的预后.同时,HIV感染也可能改变梅毒的临床表现及血清试验结果,并导致梅毒的治疗失败和复发,然而,合并HIV感染的梅毒治疗方案仍存在争议.因此,有必要对梅毒与HIV共感染的免疫学机制开展深入研究,从而为进一步理解二者的致病机制及制定更加有效的防治措施奠定基础.

Thc epidemiology of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by epidemics among specific populations and concurrent increase in prevalence.Recently,the interaction between these two conditions has attracted more and more attention.Syphilis facilitates the transmission of HIV via multiple mechanisms,shows a possible correlation with drug resistance-associated mutations in and transient growth of viral load of HIV,but has no obvious negative influences on the prognosis of HIV infection.Meanwhile,HIV infection may also impact clinical manifestations and serological test results of patients with syphilis,and lead to treatment failure in or recurrence of syphilis.However,there is still no consensus on the treatment regimen for syphilis in HIV-infected patients.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate into the immunological mechanism of syphilis and HIV co-infection,so as to gain a better understanding of pathogenesis of the co-infection,and to provide evidences for developing more effective strategies for the prevention and control of syphilis and HIV infection.