筛查确诊的人免疫缺陷病毒感染52例分析
Retrospective analysis of 52 cases of screening-detected human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
目的 探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV感染/艾滋病)的流行现状及其临床特点.方法 回顾性分析2006-2011年,由上海市艾滋病检测中心复筛确诊的52例HIV感染者的流行病学资料及部分临床资料.结果 筛查对象以30~39岁年龄段的阳性检查率为最高,确诊的52例HIV感染/艾滋病患者男女之比为4.2∶1;家政服务及待业人员18例占34.62%,民工13例占25%,驾驶员10例占19.23%;外省市户籍35例占67.31%,上海市户籍17例占32.69%.感染途径中异性性传播23例占44.23%,其次是男男同性恋14例占26.92%; HIV感染合并梅毒11例,艾滋病期合并梅毒2例.艾滋病期临床表现以发热、外周血细胞减少、肺部感染为主.结论 综合性医院诊断的HIV感染/艾滋病患者中,感染途径以性传播为主,艾滋病患者的临床表现无特异性,外省市户籍及低教育水平人群的HIV感染需引起临床医生重视.
更多Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 52 cases of screening-detected HIV infection/AIDS in the Department of Dermatology,Tongji Hospital from 2006 to 2011.The epidemiological and clinical data were collected and analyzed.Results People aged 30-39 years showed the highest detection rate of HIV infection/AIDS (0.14%,19/13 544) among all the subjects who underwent screening.The male to female ratio was 4.2 ∶ 1 in the 52 confirmed cases of HIV infection/AIDS.Of these patients,housekeeping workers and job-waiting people predominated (18,34.62%),followed by casual workers (13,25%) and drivers(10,19.23%); only 32.69% (17) hold a shanghai household registration,and the remaining 67.31% (35/52) hold non-shanghai household registration.The main route of HIV/AIDS transmission was heterosexual contact (23,44.23%),followed by male homosexual contact (14,26.92%).Eleven patients simultaneously suffered from HIV infection and syphilis,and two patients from AIDS and syphilis.Clinical manifestations of AIDS mainly included unexplained fever,decrease in peripheral blood cells and pulmonary infection.Conclusions HIV infection/AIDS diagnosed in general hospitals is mainly transmitted by sexual contact.There is no characteristic manifestation in patients with AIDS.The population with low education level and non-shanghai household registration should be given more attention in the control of HIV infection/AIDS.
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